Shared-mobility solutions in Britain Scott Le Vine Imperial College and Carplus ORIGAMI Project Final Conference 17 th April

2 What is shared-mobility? Access to use a car (or bicycle, scooter, aeroplane, etc.) on pay-as-you-go principles Self-drive (like car hire), rather than professional driver (like a taxi service) Like car hire: round-trip or one-way usage, pre- book or spontaneous Radically different regime of ‘auto-mobility’, as compared to private vehicle ownership

3 start work move in with partner scrap car 2 retirement actual household car access optimum/desired household car access Life course Cars owned by household access ‘deficit’ access ‘surplus’ pass test move house acquire car 2 Clark et al. (2009) Cars come in integers

Shared-assets or accessed-assets? mierinnnewplanningpermissionsrecord.html

5 Who is interested? Carmakers: Traditional markets are in decline Car hire industry: Evolution of their core business, made possible by IT revolution Public authorities: Parking needs/impacts (revenues), GHG impacts, traffic conditions, use of active travel, accessibility-to-services, etc. Land developers: Reduced on-site parking needs

6 HotelOwned home

7 Unpacking “shared-mobility” Cost structure: Trade-off between fixed and usage costs. Very high degree of variabilisation. Maintenance: Professional standards Insurance: [nearly] impossible to drive without insurance. But potentially discriminatory. Tracking/monitoring: Usage data tracked in real-time (then stored)

8 Vulnerabilities Reliance on central node (server) Reliance on wireless communication network End users must accept ‘operator risk’ Operators must accept ‘public sector risk’ Not: Blown head gasket, or brakes need servicing, or car theft

9 Example of public sector risk

10 Research needs Predictive capacity urgently required Integrate shared-mobility into household travel surveys Reconcile stated (cf. Firnkorn 2011/2) and forecast impacts with observed network flows, parking demands, etc. Methods required to predict both ‘end-state’ and growth trajectory Incorporate within vertically-integrated travel/activity models

11 Where are we going? Three thoughts 1.Look West...and East 2.Service differentiation 3.Increasing price sophistication Shaheen & Cohen 2012

12 Where should we go? Three thoughts 1.Figure out how to address the ‘young adult’ market (requires liaising with insurance industry) 2.Identify and solve barriers to serving socially-excluded groups 3.Allow operators to experiment in controlled ways (pilot projects, etc.)