Chapter 19 Section 5

 He spread the ideas of revolution across Europe along with the Napoleonic Code  Spain: Joseph was king and planned to do away with the Catholic Church  Many Spaniards stayed loyal to the old king and the Church  Spain used guerrilla warfare – hit-and- run  This kept large #’s of French troops in Spain

 1812, Alexander I of Russia stopped the Continental System  Napoleon assembled his Grand Army – 600,000 soldiers  The Russians moved east and burned everything as they went – “scorched earth”  The French were hungry and cold

 September – Napoleon entered Moscow  October – Napoleon starts to return home on the 1,000 mile retreat  Quote pg 500  Around 100,000 soldiers survived  Napoleon rushed to Paris to raise a new army

 Russia, Britain, Austria, and Prussia against France  1813 – they defeated Napoleon at the Battle of Nations  1814 – Napoleon abdicated – stepped down from the crown  Napoleon was exiled to Elba in the Mediterranean  Louis XVIII, brother of Louis XVI, became king

 After Louis XVIII became king, loyalty to Napoleon was rekindled  Napoleon escaped and returned to France, Louis XVIII fled  1815 – Napoleon entered Paris

 Napoleon was free for 100 days until the Allied forces defeated him at Waterloo in Belgium.  Exiled to St. Helena in S. Pacific  Never returned, died in 1821  Was he “the revolution on horseback” or a traitor to the revolution?

 Restoring stability to Europe after 25 years of war  Chief goal: create lasting peace by balancing power

 European map redrawn – pg 502  Turn the clock back to 1792 – Legitimacy -restore hereditary monarchies  Louis XVIII – king of France