WHAT IS POETRY

…..words arranged in a RYTHMIC pattern with regular ACCENTS (like BEATS in music)

…words carefully selected for sound, accent, and meaning…to express IMAGINATIVELY ideas

. . . In one way EVERYONE Uses poetry when He speaks or writes With Words that create IMAGES, such as. . .

“I’ve come to the end of my own rope IN CONVERSATION. . . “I’ve come to the end of my own rope

“L-O-V-E is a MANY SPLENDORED THING” In Songs. . .

“A Nation Concieved in Liberty—” In Speeches. . . “A Nation Concieved in Liberty—”

Tries to express an idea with words that . . .BUT A POET Is a person more Endowed With imagination who Tries to express an idea with words that Give it FORM and BEAUTY--

A BIG TREE AND ITS GETTING DARK! I SEE A DARK HAND IS TEARING THE VAULT OF NIGHT -Looking at the same thing What do I see? A BIG TREE AND ITS GETTING DARK!

RHYTHM MELODY IMAGERY FORM Each poem has: And POETRY has a “LANGUAGE” all its own…

That is, the ACCENTS of the Syllables in the Words fall at regular EACH POEM has a RHYTHM Called a “METRIC PATTERN” (except in free verse) That is, the ACCENTS of the Syllables in the Words fall at regular Intervals, like the BEAT of MUSIC

MELODY EXAMPLE: dame and same Rhyme—that is- where two words have EACH POEM ALSO HAS “MELODY”. . . . LIKE MUSIC, EACH POEM HAS MELODY (I.E. SOUND DEVICES) OF WHICH THE PRINCIPLE ONE IS. . . Rhyme—that is- where two words have The SAME SOUND on their last accented vowel Preceded by DIFFERENT consonants. EXAMPLE: dame and same

SINGLE RHYME DOUBLE TRIPLE LOVE Dove Rapping Tapping Mournfully Scornfully

OTHER RHYMING TERMS: IMPERFECT RHYME two words that look alike, but don’t sound alike Example: LOVE and JOVE INTERNAL RHYME the rhyme occurs inside a single line of poetry Example: “Let’s beat the heat.”

…besides rhyme, poets also use these OTHER SOUND EFFECTS- ASSONANCE- resemblance of vowel sounds in words Example: “O harp and altar, of the fury fused” ONAMATOPOEIA- words sound like their meanings EXAMPLES: drip, whisper, hoot, meow, murmur

ALLITERATION-words that begin with the same consonant sound SUCH AS: In a Summer Season, where Soft was Sun

(figures of speech representing sense experiences) EACH POEM ALSO HAS IMAGERY (figures of speech representing sense experiences) -comparisons are one way of creating imagery as in… SIMILE- two unlike things are compared using “like” or “as” Example: the man paced like a lion

2) METAPHOR- two unlike things are directly compared without the use of “like” or “as” Example: The river is a snake which coils on itself. 3) PERSONIFICATION-giving human qualities to anything that is not human Examples: The trees danced in the breeze

4) APOSTROPHE- addressing some abstract object Example: “O world! Tell me thy pain!” 5) LITERARY ALLUSIONS- Referring metaphorically to person, places, and things from history or previous literature.

-and by EXAGGERATION HYPERBOLE- Saying more than this is true Example: “He wore his fingers to the bone.” 2) UNDERSTANDMENT- Saying less than is true. Example: “Losing his job meant ht could sleep late.”

IRONY- Saying the opposite to what is true. Example: “War is kind.” And finally, EVERY POEM has FORM (structure)

You will walk with us this year. A star If you are A love compassionate, You will walk with us this year. We face a glacial distance who are here Huddl’d At your feet NOTE EACH LINE STARTS WITH A CAPITAL LETTER LONG LINES OFTER INDICATE DISTANCE OR DIRECTION RUN-ON LINE_ NOT END SENTENCE OR THOUGHT

REPETITION -of words, sounds, or ideas to enhance rhythm or to create emphasis Example : Because I do not hope to turn again Because I do not hope Because I do not hope to turn

What’s a “POETIC LICENSE?” It means that a poet is allowed to break rules of spelling to make his or her rhyme or meter more perfect- AS IN: soft oft Hope ope

RHYME SCHEMES ARE INDICATED BY THE USE OF LETTERS Such as in : 1. Roses are red A 2. Violets are blue B 3. Sugar is sweet C 4. And so are you B The rhyme scheme of this poem is ABCB.

STANZAS A LONG POEM USUALLY CONSISTS OF A NUMBER OF LINES GROUPED INTO SETS OF LINES CALLED STANZAS

SOME SPECIAL NAMES FOR STANZAS # OF lINES What’s it called? What it is 2 RHYMED COUPLET 2 LINES WITH THE SAME RHYME 4 QUATRAIN 4 LINES WITH ANY RHYME 6 SESTET SIX LINES 8 OCTAVE 8 LINES 14 SONNET 14 LINES OF IAMBIC PENTAMETER

SOME TYPES OR GROUPS POEMS FALL INTO ELEGY EPITAPH ODE EPIC NARRATIVE PASTORAL LYRIC BALLAD SONNET

POETS AND THEIR POETRY HAVE THEIR OWN STYLES (sometimes these are called schools or movements) “CLASSICAL” “REALISTIC” “ABSTRACT” “ROMANTIC” “PSYCOLOGICAL”

THEME Try to Understand the Ask yourself: “What is the message?” Of each poem Ask yourself: “What is the message?”

DIFFERENT POETS MY HAVE QUITE DIFFERENT ATTITUDES TOWARD THE SAME SUBJECT War makes the mighty men and eliminates the weak War is a dreadful waste of people and resources war What Amazing heroism and courage war brings our in men As a soldier, I do not see the war, but only my own misery

EVERY POET IS INFLUENCED BY… His or her BELIEFS-usually reflected on in his/ her THEMES The PERIOD-usually affects the STYLE of the poem The SUBJECT-often affects the METRICAL PATTERN CREATIVITY will affect his or her use of IMAGERY

THE END KEEP POETRY ALIVE