Bodily Responses To Stress

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Presentation transcript:

Bodily Responses To Stress The Sympathetic Adrenal Medullary Axis The Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis Bodily Responses To Stress The Nervous System

What is stress, and what does it do to us? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xb7NnEpfvSM&NR=1&feature=endscreen http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&feature=endscreen&v=4g25d7_Afmc ( discovery channel police man)

Brain Spinal cord The nervous system CNS (central nervous system) PNS (peripheral SNS (somatic ANS (autonomic Sympathetic arousal (involuntary) Parasympathetic Sensory and motor nerves (voluntary) Brain Spinal cord

The Nervous System Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System Brain Spinal Chord Autonomic Nervous System [Muscles] Somatic Nervous System [Bones] Sympathetic Nervous System Parasympathetic Nervous System

Sympathetic Nervous System The Nervous System Sympathetic Nervous System The Sympathetic Branch of the Autonomic Nervous System is responsible for the SAM Response to Stress. It is responsible for Physical Arousal of the body when dominant (due to a Stressor).

Parasympathetic Nervous System The Nervous System Parasympathetic Nervous System The Parasympathetic Branch of the Autonomic Nervous System is responsible for Counteracting the SAM Response to a Stressor. It is responsible for Relaxation and Energy Conservation.

The Sympathetic Adrenal Medullary Axis SAM – The Immediate Response to a Stressor. The Hypothalamus: Activates the Sympathetic Branch of the Autonomic Nervous System - ANS. This sends Neuron-Messages to the Inner Core of the Adrenal Gland, the Adrenal Medulla. This results in the secretion of Adrenaline and Nor-adrenaline.

Hypothalamus Part of the brain!

The Sympathetic Adrenal Medullary Axis SAM – The Immediate Response to a Stressor. The Results of Adrenaline and Nor-Adrenaline Adrenaline and Nor-Adrenaline are released into the Bloodstream. This causes the Fight or Flight Response. Physiological changes occur such as: Increased Oxygen & Glucose to Brain & Muscles Increased Heart Rate Deeper Respiration Dilating Pupils Digestion Suppression

The Sympathetic Adrenal Medullary Axis The Hypothalamus The ANS Activates Causes The Adrenal Medulla To Release… Adrenaline and Nor-Adrenaline

The Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis HPA – The Long Term Response to a Stressor. The Hypothalamus: Activates the Pituitary Gland. This causes ACTH [Stress Hormone] to be released. This stimulates the Outer Edge of the Adrenal Gland, the Adrenal Cortex. This allows the production of Glucocorticoids – Glucose and Cortisol.

Hypothalamus Part of the brain!

Pituitary Gland An endocrine gland!

Adrenal Cortex Adrenal cortex (remember it by thinking of it as the ‘covering’ layer of the adrenal gland! Adrenal Cortex An endocrine gland!

The Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis HPA – The Long Term Response to a Stressor. The Results of Glucose and Cortisol Glucocorticoids are released into the Liver to release stored Glucose. This causes the Immune System to be suppressed. Other Effects Include: ✓ Heightened and Maintainable Energy Supply ✓ Lower Pain Sensitivity ✗ Lower Immune Response ✗ High Blood Pressure

The Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis The Hypothalamus Pituitary Gland Activates Causes the Release of… Adrenal Cortex ACTH Which Acts on… To Release… Cortisol and Glucose