How will we live/survive/earn? Chapter 9

Plantations Whites still owned most of land Blacks go back to plantations –2 reasons 1. experience 2.available

5 methods of plantation labor 1. gang labor-groups of workers work under white overseerers Fined/whipped as punishment Differences from slavery –Could leave –Chose the overseer

2. wage labor Workers who agree to be paid at harvest time Can be paid in cash or portion of crops

3. contract system Workers and landowners sign contracts that mature at the end of harvest Dislikes –1. poor landowners find it too expensive –2. freedmen are cheated out of money, treated like slaves

4. sharecropping –Worker contracts to work a plot of land for owner. –1.landowner chooses crops; sharecrops gets portion at harvest. –2. shelter, supplies are bought on credit and paid for at harvest

Benefits-sharecropping 1. no start up $ needed 2. cheap labor for landowners 3.place to live 4. self-sufficient Disadvantage –1. high interest

2. debt peonage Sharecroppers end the year owning $ and will leave Landowners find a way to legally tie sharecroppers bka debt peonage Cannot leave the land without paying your debts

5. Tenant Farming * farmers that lack land but usually owned livestock and other materials for farming * can make a small profit The common aspect of sharecropping and tenant farming= farming w/little risk for landowners (unpaid workforce and benefit from others utilizing their land)

Industry, Railroads, and Shipping How are railroads necessary to the success of Georgia’s economy?(308- 9)CP/302blk How will cotton bring attention to the south once again? (307-8)CP/301-2 blk How does the collection of shacks evolve to the city of Atlanta?(310-11)CP/304-6blk

Religion In what two ways had the churches of the south suffered during the Civil War?310blk Describe “reconstruction” of southern churches. (be sure to include physical structure, denominational structure, and ethnicity structure).310blk

Education In 1868, Ga’s constitution made what provision to education? blk 319cp How will education be restricted in the 1870 school law?310-11blk cp

What must I know for my test? People to know: James Johnson, scalawags, freedmen, John Wilkes Booth, sharecropper, General Sherman, Aaron Bradley, Andrew Johnson, and Rufus Bullock

test cont. Characteristics and phases I, II, and III Legislation (objective/purpose, components, success)

Discussion Questions- 1. Although Phase I was not completely successful, aspects it did prove to appease/please the south and President Andrew Johnson. Justify 2.Congress, Gov. Bullouch, and President Johnson share a broad objective. Please discuss how their plans for achieving this objective are different. Be sure to first address the similar “broad” objective.

3. Of the four main forms of labor (gang, contract, sharecropping,wage labor ), which do you believe is the most beneficial for the average Georgian in the reconstruction era and why?

quiz_on_lesson_14.htm If time allows, individual students can go to above site to review key people and amendments