Il Duce Mussolini’s Rise to Power

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Italy during the 1920s & 1930s oDemocracies had been weakened by WWI and the Great Depression oItaly feels cheated by Treaty of Versailles oMany businessmen are worried about the communists seizing power

Benito Mussolini oSon of a Communist blacksmith and a school teacher oWWI veteran (wounded during training) oFounded the Fascist Party in 1919

Fascism oCentralized, authoritarian government whose policies glorify the state over the individual and are destructive to civil rights. oExtreme Nationalism oGlorify action and discipline oBlind loyalty to the state oGlorified Warfare

QW o Based on what you just wrote about fascism, could any mainstream American political figure be realistically labeled a fascist? ie. President Obama

Mussolini calls for: oRevived economy oRebuild the Armed Forces oAnti-communist oAnti-democracy oCreated the “Black Shirts” (Fascist Thugs) oBeat & sometimes killed communists and political rivals

Seizes Power oMarch on Rome (1922) oWorried about civil war, the King names Mussolini Prime Minister. oMussolini therefore took power “legally.”

Fascists

Mussolini in Power oWanted to rebuild Italy into the Roman Empire oCensored the press oBuilt a strong military oStarted public works projects to help during the depression oSecret police jailed opposition leaders

Il Duce (1922 to 1945) oUltimately caught trying to leave Italy. oShot and his corpse was displayed on a building in Milan