China, Mongolia, and Taiwan Holt People, Places, and Change 4/6/2017 CHAPTER 27 China, Mongolia, and Taiwan Section 1: Physical Geography Section 2: China’s History and Culture Section 3: China Today Section 4: Mongolia and Taiwan CHAPTER 27

Objectives: Section 1 Physical Geography What are the physical features of China, Mongolia, and Taiwan? What types of climate are found in China, Mongolia, and Taiwan? What natural resources do China, Mongolia, and Taiwan have?

Physical features of China, Mongolia, and Taiwan: Section 1 Physical Geography Physical features of China, Mongolia, and Taiwan: Mountains—Himalayas (Mt. Everest), Kunlun, Tian Shan, Altay, Greater Khingan Range Plateaus, Basins, and Deserts—Plateau of Tinet, Taklimakan Desert, Tarim Basin, Turpan Depression, Mongolian Plateau, Gobi Desert Plains—North China Plain Rivers—Huang, Chang, Yangtze, Xi River

Types of climates found in China, Mongolia, and Taiwan: Section 1 Physical Geography Types of climates found in China, Mongolia, and Taiwan: The southeastern coast is the most humid region. The extreme northwest has a desert climate. Seasonal monsoon winds affect the south and east. Typhoons are common in the summer and fall.

Natural resources of China, Mongolia, and Taiwan: Section 1 Physical Geography Natural resources of China, Mongolia, and Taiwan: China—Minerals: gold, iron ore, lead, salt, uranium, and zinc; coal (China is leader in coal resources) and oil Mongolia—coal, copper, gold, iron ore, and oil Taiwan—arable land is the chief asset

Objectives: Section 2 China’s History and Culture What are some of the major events in the history of China? What are some features of China’s culture?

China’s History Section 2 China’s History and Culture 500 B.C.—The Great Wall is ordered to be constructed by the Qin Dynasty emperor. Genghis Kahn leads Mongols in 1200s; Ming dynasty closed China to outsiders. 1600s—The Manchu ruled for 260 years. 1500s–1800s—Europeans establish trade with China.

China’s History Section 2 China’s History and Culture 1912—First Republic of China is formed under Sun Yat-sen. Communists fight Nationalists and win in 1949; People’s Republic of China created. 1966—Mao initiates the Cultural Revolution.

China’s cultural features: Section 2 China’s History and Culture China’s cultural features: Ninety-two percent of the population is Han Chinese. Mandarin Chinese is the dominant and official language. Taoism and the teachings of Confucius are important to Chinese culture. Buddhism is an important religion.

China’s cultural features: (continued) Section 2 China’s History and Culture China’s cultural features: (continued) Education is a huge aspect of the culture. Government controls many factors of daily life in China. Chinese medicine stresses herbal remedies and harmony with nature.

Objectives: Section 3 China Today Where do most of China’s people live? What are the major cities in China, and what are they like? What is China’s economy like? What challenges does China face?

China’s people: Section 3 China Today Ten percent of the population lives in the deserts and mountains of the west. Northern China Plain is heavily populated. Most people live in the countryside.

China’s Cities Section 3 China Today Shanghai—leading industrial center and seaport Nanjing, Wahun—industrial centers built on iron ore and coal mines Beijing (Peking)—capital with high cultural heritage Hong Kong—major seaport and center for banking and trade

Objectives: Section 4 Mongolia and Taiwan How has Mongolia’s culture developed? What is Taiwan’s culture like?

Section 4 Mongolia and Taiwan Despite years of communist rule, Mongolia’s culture remains very traditional. Many people are still nomadic herders. Nomads live in gers. Horses play an important role in Mongolian life. Ulaanbaatar is the capital and the main industrial center.

Taiwan’s culture: Section 4 Mongolia and Taiwan The population is about 85 percent Taiwanese. Chinese ways dominate the culture. Japanese influences are seen in buildings and in certain foods. European and American influences are also seen, especially in the cities.

Taiwan’s culture: (continued) Section 4 Mongolia and Taiwan Taiwan’s culture: (continued) The economy is modern and industrial. Overpopulation and environmental concerns are challenges today.