Ch. 17.1 Progressivism

Essential Questions What were the social, economic, and political conditions that provoked the progressive movement? What were the goals of the progressive movement?

Life before the 20th Century Could women vote? Did workers have the rights that we do today? Could rats get mixed up in processed food? Did people drive cars?

What does “progressive” mean?

The Progressive Era Political, economic, and social change in late 19th century America leads to broad progressive reforms.

Four goals of progressivism Protecting social welfare Promoting moral improvement Creating economic reform Fostering efficiency

Progressivism Video

Promoting social welfare Social Gospel, settlement houses inspire other reform groups Florence Kelley, political activist, advocate for women, children helps pass law prohibiting child labor, limiting women’s hours

Promoting moral improvement Some feel poor should uplift selves by improving own behavior Prohibition—banning of alcoholic drinks Woman’s Christian Temperance Union spearheads prohibition crusade

Creating economic reform 1893 panic prompts doubts about capitalism; many become socialists Muckrakers—journalists who expose corruption in politics, business Upton Sinclair – The Jungle Ida M. Tarbell – “History of Standard Oil Company”

Fostering Efficiency Many use experts, science to make society, workplace more efficient Scientific management—time and motion studies applied to workplace Assembly lines speed up production, make people work like machines cause high worker turnover

Review What are the four goals of progressivism?

Cleaning up local/state government Governors push states to pass laws to regulate large businesses Robert M. La Follette is 3-term governor, then senator of Wisconsin Attacks big business

Child Labor Child workers get lower wages, small hands handle small parts better families need children’s wages National Child Labor Committee gathers evidence of harsh conditions Groups press government to ban child labor, cut hours

Working Hours Muller v. Oregon—Court upholds limiting women to 10-hour workday Bunting v. Oregon—upholds 10-hour workday for men Reformers win workers’ compensation for families of injured, killed

Election Reform Initiative—bill proposed by people, not lawmakers, put on ballots Referendum—voters, not legislature, decide if initiative becomes law Recall—voters remove elected official through early election Primaries allow voters, not party machines, to choose candidates Seventeenth Amendment permits popular election of senators

Door Ticket What were the four goals of the progressives? What was the temperance movement? Name two reforms to elections.

17.2 – Women’s role in the Progressive Movement What major steps did women take to gain equal rights during the Progressive Era?

Intro Video

Women in the late 19th Century Only middle-, upper-class women can devote selves to home, family Poor women usually have to work for wages outside home

Women’s Reform Movement Women reformers target workplace, housing, education, food, drugs National Association of Colored Women (NACW)—child care, education Susan B. Anthony of National American Woman Suffrage Assoc. (NAWSA) works for woman suffrage, or right to vote

Review What is suffrage? Who was a primary advocate for women’s suffrage?

18.3 AKS Who was Teddy Roosevelt? What was his contribution to progressivism and the modern presidency?

Intro

Teddy Roosevelt Rough Rider President McKinley shot; Roosevelt becomes president at 42 Modern President Square Deal

Trust Buster

Trust Buster Uses the Sherman Anti-Trust act to: Break up monopolies and trusts

What is this?

Health and the Environment Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle—unsanitary conditions in meatpacking Roosevelt pushes for Meat Inspection Act Pure Food and Drug Act halts sale of contaminated food, medicine

Conservation of the Environment Roosevelt sets aside forest reserves, sanctuaries, national parks Believes conservation part preservation, part development for public

18.4 Who was the largest president in American History? Who was the only president to also serves in the highest office of the Judicial Branch?

William Howard Taft – 27th President

Bull Moose Party Republican Party Splits Progressives form Bull Moose Party; nominate Roosevelt Runs against Democrat Woodrow Wilson, reform governor of NJ Wilson wins

18.5 Who was Woodrow Wilson? What were his domestic and international visions for the United States?

Woodrow Wilson 28th President Wilson was lawyer, professor, president of Princeton, NJ governor As president, focuses on trusts, tariffs, high finance Fair Deal

Wilson’s Reforms Clayton Antitrust Act stops companies buying stock to form monopoly Federal Trade Commission (FTC)—new “watchdog” agency investigates regulatory violations ends unfair business practices 1920 Nineteenth Amendment grants women right to vote Federal Reserve System—private banking system under federal control