EXTRA CREDIT TASK  COUNT THE NUMBER OF PIES YOU SEE IN THIS ENTIRE PRESENTATION BUT….  MAKE SURE YOU PAY ATTENTION TO WHAT YOU ARE SUPPOSED TO LEARN!!!

Author’s Purpose, Bias, and Fact vs. Opinion End-of-Year Review

Author's Purpose  In order to effectively evaluate a passage, it is essential to determine the author's purpose. There are three main purposes to an author's passage:  To inform  To entertain  To persuade

Want a Way to Remember it?  P (persuade) I (inform) E (entertain) S (share feelings)

Author's Purpose: To Inform  When writing to inform, it is the author's goal to enlighten the reader with subjects that are typically real and factual. Few opinions are expressed.  The facts in an informational passage are used to teach, not to persuade. Examples of informative texts include: cookbooks, textbooks, and historical accounts.

PIES! PURPOSE, INFORM, ENTERTAIN, and SHARE FEELINGS!

Author's Purpose: To Entertain  When writing to entertain, one goal may be to tell a story or to describe characters, places, or events (real or imaginary).  Examples of entertaining texts include: plays, poems, stories, jokes, or even comic strips.

Author's Purpose: To Persuade  When writing to persuade, the goal is to get the reader to agree with the writer's opinion. This type of writing is opinionated, but the author may provide facts and examples to support the opinion.  Examples of persuasive texts include: commercials, advertisements, and editorials.

Author’s Purpose: Sharing Feelings Sharing feelings means to tell the reader what you are thinking. Examples journals, diaries, letters

A title can often set the tone of the passage. Reading newspaper headings is one way to practice determining the author's purpose. In the next activity, read each headline and then select the purpose for the passage.

Headline #1  "Life found on Mars. Scientists discover new forms of life that once lived on Mars."  Inform  Entertain  Persuade

Headline #2  "The Secret of the Mysterious Pendant"  Inform  Entertain  Persuade

Headline #3  "A Laugh a Minute"  Inform  Entertain  Persuade

Fact vs. Opinion  In surveying a passage, it is sometimes helpful to notice facts and opinions. If a passage has more facts than opinions, it is more than likely an informative passage. If a passage has more opinions than facts, the passage will either be a persuasive passage or an entertaining one.

FACT vs. OPINION Practice FACTOPINIONPassage In Tarpon Springs, Florida there are people who work underwater. These people are called sponge divers. The kind of treasure they look for is called sponges. Sponge diving is not an easy job. The diver has to breathe under the water, and be careful of extreme water pressure.

What’s the Author’s Purpose?  In Tarpon Springs, Florida there are people who work underwater. These people are called sponge divers. The kind of treasure they look for is called sponges. Sponge diving is not an easy job. The diver has to breathe under the water, and be careful of extreme water pressure.  Persuade  Entertain  Inform

Author's Purpose Activity Use the information on the medicine bottle to determine the author's purpose. What is the purpose of this text?  To Inform  To Persuade  To Entertain

Use the information on the left to determine the author's purpose. What is the purpose of this text?  To Inform  To Persuade  To Entertain

What is Bias?  A bias is when you are partial to something over something else.  EXAMPLE: Say you like Coke over Pepsi. If you were somewhere, and wanted a soda and they only had Pepsi and you decided to drink water instead you would be showing your bias towards Coke.

BIAS  Students look for bias in a school construction scenario:  Statement - “Construction is going great this fall at South Davie Schools!”

Now, depending on the bias of the individual /group, the facts that are paid attention to will be significantly different.

Construction Workers:  “It’s going great. We’ve gotten so much done in less than a year…. we’ve been working overtime to that these kids will have a terrific new building to learn in. Man, at ___ school where we were last year, it took us almost a year and a half. We are going fast, man!”

Administration  We cannot believe the school is not ready. All I can do is shake my head….we were promised September, and it won’t be until October. What am I going to tell parents, staff, or the kids?How will I explain this to them all? I am so stressed out!”

Teachers:  “My room isn’t ready, I have no air conditioning, I can’t get to all my files, and there’s stuff all over. Not to mention that my room has been used as the lunchroom for those smelly workers all summer. PEEYOOO! This is going to be terrible year.”

PARENTS:  “Will it be safe for my Johnny and Susie? What if something falls on them? Will there be lunch provided? What if school starts later? How will I manage with the kids at home? I expect my tax paying dollars to go toward

Students:  “ What? No new lunchroom? They promised us that last year. And there was supposed to be a new, air-conditioned theater, more classrooms (meaning less people in my third hour), and all this technology. Well, where is it? I hear we get open lunch until the new lunchroom is built. Yee ha!”

What is bias? Tell me again-  Bias- is when you favor one side over another.  Bias means that someone is unfairly partial to one side or in has favoritism to one side. EX: The team's coach thought that the referees were biased when they made many bad calls for their team, but none for the other even though the plays were similar.

Remember Author’s Purpose?  Get ready…

Practice Time—Are you ready?  Directions: On a piece of paper number from 1 to 16. For each of the next 16 slides determine the author’s purpose for the type of writing. Write P for persuade I for inform E for entertain S for share feelings

PIES 1. a poster about a community walk-a-thon for charity

PIES 2. appointment card from the dentist

PIES 3. an advertisement for Coca-Cola

PIES 4. a book report

PIES 5. a story read to students by the librarian

PIES 6. knock knock jokes

PIES 7. an that tells a friend you are going to be late

PIES 8. diary

PIES  instructions booklet on how to assemble a bicycle

 step by step recipe

11. half price ad from Wal-Mart

 crossword puzzle

 short story

14. directions for taking medication

15. encyclopedia

 letters

EXTRA CREDIT  How many pies were in the ENTIRE presentation? 12