The Endocrine System Medical Terminology

New Roots, Suffixes, and Prefix Calc/o: calcium Calc/o: calcium Gonad/o: gonads (ovaries; testicles) Gonad/o: gonads (ovaries; testicles) Kal/o: potassium Kal/o: potassium Natr/o: sodium Natr/o: sodium Parathyroid/o: parathyroid Parathyroid/o: parathyroid Pituitar/o: pituitary Pituitar/o: pituitary -dipsia: thirst -dipsia: thirst -genesis; -gen: production; producing -genesis; -gen: production; producing -ism: process; condition -stasis: standing; stable -eu: good

Acromegaly Acromegaly Acr/o: extremity; top Acr/o: extremity; top -megaly: enlargement -megaly: enlargement Definition: enlargement of many skeletal structures, particularly the extremities Definition: enlargement of many skeletal structures, particularly the extremities Androgen Androgen Andr/o: male Andr/o: male -gen: producing -gen: producing Definition: substance producing male characteristics. An example is testosterone Definition: substance producing male characteristics. An example is testosterone Endocrinologist Endocrinologist Crin/o: to secrete Crin/o: to secrete -logist: specialist -logist: specialist Endo-: within Endo-: within Definition: specialist in the study diseases of the endocrine glands Definition: specialist in the study diseases of the endocrine glands Estrogen Estr/o: female -gen: producing Definition: female sex hormones Glucogenesis Gluc/o: glucose/ sugar -genesis: production Definition: production of glucose Glycolysis Glyc/o: glucose/ sugar -lysis: breakdown Definition: breakdown of sugars Homeostasis Home/o: same -stasis: standing/ stable Definition: a balanced, yet sometimes varied state

Euthyroid Euthyroid Thyr/o: thyroid gland Thyr/o: thyroid gland -oid; resembling -oid; resembling Eu-: good/ normal Eu-: good/ normal Definition: normal thyroid gland Definition: normal thyroid gland Hyperthyroidism Hyperthyroidism Thyroid/o: thyroid gland Thyroid/o: thyroid gland -ism: condition/ process -ism: condition/ process Hyper-: excessive Hyper-: excessive Definition: condition characterized by excessive secretion of thyroid hormones Definition: condition characterized by excessive secretion of thyroid hormones Adrenocorticotropic hormone Adrenocorticotropic hormone -tropic: stimulate -tropic: stimulate Adren/o: adrenal gland Adren/o: adrenal gland Cortico/o: cortex/ outer layer Cortico/o: cortex/ outer layer Definition: hormon secreted by the anterior pituitary that stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete its own hormones Definition: hormon secreted by the anterior pituitary that stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete its own hormones Gonadotropic hormones -tropic: stimulate Gonad/o: gonads Definition: hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary that stimulates the gonads to secrete their own hormones Hypercalcemia Hyper-: increase/ excessive -emia: blood condition Calc/o: calcium Definition: excessive calcium in the blood Hyperkalemia Hyper: increase/ excessive -emia: blood condition Kal/o: potassium definition: excessive potassium in the blood Hyperglycemia Hyper: increase/ excessive -emia: blood condition Glyc/o: sugar Definition:excessive sugar in the blood

Hypoparathyroidism Hypoparathyroidism hyp/o: decrease/ deficient hyp/o: decrease/ deficient -ism: process/ condition -ism: process/ condition Parathyroid: parathyroid Parathyroid: parathyroid Definition: condition characterized by decreased secretions of the parathyroid hormone Definition: condition characterized by decreased secretions of the parathyroid hormone Hypopituitarism Hypopituitarism Hypo-: decrease/deficient Hypo-: decrease/deficient -ism: process/ condition -ism: process/ condition Pituitar/o: pituitary gland Pituitar/o: pituitary gland Definition: condition characterized by decrease secretion of pituitary hormones Definition: condition characterized by decrease secretion of pituitary hormones Hyponatremia Hyponatremia Hypo-: decreased/ deficient Hypo-: decreased/ deficient -emia: blood condition -emia: blood condition Natr/o: sodium Natr/o: sodium Definition: decreased sodium in the blood Definition: decreased sodium in the blood Panhypopituitarism Pan-: all -ism: condition/ process Hypo-: decreased/ deficient Pituitar/o: pituitary gland Definition: a condition characterized by a deficiency of all pituitary hormones Polydipsia Poly-: many; much -dipsia: thirst Definition: excessive thirst Polyuria Poly-: many; much -uria: urination Definition: excessive urination

Matching word parts with meaning 1. Home/o 2. Estr/o 3. Crin/o 4. Natr/o 5. Acr/o 6. -tropic 7. Glyc/o 8. Kal/o 9. Andr/o 10. -dipsia A. Male B. Sugar C. Female D. Sodium E. Thirst F. Potassium G. Secrete H. Same I. Extremity J. nourishment

Short Answers From the list below, select the gland that secretes the hormones that follow. The glands can be used more than once. From the list below, select the gland that secretes the hormones that follow. The glands can be used more than once. A. Adrenal cortex B. Adrenal medulla C. Anterior pituitary D. Pancreas E. Posterior pituitary F. thyroid 1. Aldosterone 2. Antidiuretic hormone 3. T 3 4. Cortisol 5. Epinephrine 6. Glucagon 7. Follicle-stimulating hormone 8. Insulin 9. Prolactin 10. norepinephrine