Nouns A person, place, thing, or idea. personplacethingidea girlhousebookhappiness studentparkshirtfreedom

CommonProper town S hickshinny park Y ellowstone N ational P ark dog K atey teacher M rs. W oytko Capital letter

Singular & Plural Nouns boyBoys mousemice berryberries benchbenches

Rule # 1 – add an “s” Girl – girls Book – books Toy – toys Street- streets Student - students

Rule # 2 Nouns that end with s, z, ch, sh, x Add “es” Dress – dresses Box – boxes Dish – dishes Bench - benches

Rule # 3 Nouns that end with a vowel and a “Y” – add “s” Valley – valleys Turkey - turkeys

Rule # 4 Nouns that end with a consonant and a “Y” Change the y to i and add “es” City- cities Lady – ladies Puppy- puppies

Rule # 5 Nouns that end in f or fe Change the f to a v and add “s” or “es” Life- lives Calf – calves leaf - leaves

Rule # 6 Nouns that end in a vowel plus “o” add “s” Radio – radios Stereo - stereos

Rule # 7 Nouns that end with a consonant plus “o” add “es” Hero – heroes Tomato - tomatoes

Exceptions Solo – solos Piano - pianos

Rule # 8 Change the word Foot- feet Man- men Mouse – mice Child- children

Rule # 9 Nouns that stay the same Trout Salmon Deer Sheep moose

Possessive Nouns Nouns that show ownership are called Possessive Nouns- they own something

Possessive Nouns The dog’s scarf was red. Sara’s hat and mittens match. The sun’s rays were very hot today.

Remember: nouns can be singular or plural SingularPlural boyboys dogclasses bookmen

You either add: add’s or s’

Step number 1 Look at the noun. Decide if the noun is singular or plural.

If the noun is singular, add ’ s Examples: boyThe boy’s coat hatThe hat’s brim girlThe girl’s dress bookThe book’s cover brotherMy brother’s desk pencilThe pencil’s tip

If the noun is Plural look at the ending If the noun ends in s – add only an apostrophe dressesThe dresses’ ruffles berriesThe berries’ stems leavesThe leaves’ colors booksThe books’ covers

If the noun is Plural look at the ending If the noun DOES NOT end in s – add apostrophe s menThe men’s coats feetThe feet’s smells womenThe women’s shoes teethThe teeth’s color

? Ask yourself- is the noun singular or plural then, decide what to do My __ eyes are beautiful. Dog This store sells__ shoes. Boys We are going to __ after school. Mary The ___ bottle was on the floor. child

Appositives A group of words that explains – set off by commas Mary, my best friend, is moving to a new town. My dog, Katey, is a Golden Retriever. I have a beautiful dog, Katey.