4.4 The French and Indian War The Seven Years War

The British Take Action Early Advantage to the French – Due to the fact that many Native Americans were on there side The war raged from late 1750 and early 1760s – This was part of a greater struggle between England & France – For control of world trade – Power of the seas France built many well-armed forts along the great lakes – With the vast alliances with the native Americans

The British Take Action Braddock Marches to Duquesne – In June 1755, Braddock set out from Virginia – He had about 1,400 red-coated British soldiers and a small number of blue-coated militias. – George Washington – aides – Took army several weeks to get through a forest to Ft. Duquesne. – Braddock’s army marching style was not good. They were easy targets to the enemies. – Nat. Am paired with the French to take out the British. – They confused the British and hid behind them. – British – defeated. Braddock – killed.

The British Take Action Braddock Marches to Duquesne – Washington then led the survivors back to Virginia.

The British- Take Action Britain Declares War on France -News of Braddocks defeat reached London -Britain declares war on France -Seven Years War-1756 French, British, & Spanish forces clash -In Cuba, West Indies, India, Phillipines, North America, & Europe First years of war disastrous -Several British forces captured by French troops - Killed settlers burned farmhouses & crops, and drove families to coast

The British- Take Action Britain Declares War on France - French forces from Canada capture British forces at Lake Ontario and Lake Georgia.

The British Take Action Pitt Takes Charge – William Pitt is the secretary of state and then a prime minister – British raised taxes ( to pay debt) – Jeffery Amherst and James Wolfe were the leaders of the British troops to North America – Fort Duquesne was later renamed Fort Pitt

The Fall of New France The Battle of Quebec – Quebec Was thought the be impossible to attack Perched on a cliff Overlooking St. Lawrence River James Wolfe September 1759 Found a way to attack Quebec A scout spotted a path poorly guarded A backway up the cliff The Battle Br. Troops assembled and guarded the fortress of Quebec

The Fall of New France The Battle of Quebec Fought on the plains of Abraham Defeated the Fr. James Wolfe died in battle Marquis de Montcalm died the next day from a wound

The Fall of New France The Treaty of Paris 1763 France keeps sugar-producing in West Indies Had to give land east of the Mississippi R. to Gr. Br. Gr. Br. Gained FL. from Spain Treaty of Paris ended Fr. Rule in N.A. Gr. Br. And Spain ruled N.A. Boundary was the Mississippi R.

Trouble on the Frontier Pontiac’s War Chief Pontiac of an Ottawa village near Detroit wanted to unite the Nat. Am. to fight the Br. They were threatening his way of life So he put together an alliance That summer they killed settlers on the Pennsylvania and Virginia frontiers In 1765 the British won the war A year later Pontiac signed a peace treaty and was pardoned

Trouble on the Frontier The Proclamation of 1763 – Tried to keep the peace – Prevented the settlement by the British west of the Appalachians – Speculators were upset b/c they already bought the land – Area of tension between the colonists and G.B.