Exploring Pennsylvania Chapter 1 Exploring Pennsylvania

Vocabulary Hemisphere – half of the Earth Continent – largest land areas on Earth Landform – a natural feature on Earth’s surface Natural Resource – a material found in nature that people can use Tributary - small river or stream that flows into a larger river Pollution – anything that makes the environment dirty

Vocabulary Climate – the pattern of weather in a place over a long period of time Elevation – the height of land Habitat – a place where plants and animals live

Pennsylvania’s Location Pennsylvania is located: On the continent of North America In the country of United States In the northeastern part of the United States In the northern and western hemispheres

Pennsylvania’s Neighbors States that border Pennsylvania: New York to the NORTH New Jersey to the EAST Delaware to the SOUTHEAST Maryland to the SOUTH West Virginia to the SOUTHWEST Ohio to the WEST

Find Pennsylvania’s Bordering States

Pennsylvania’s Nickname Pennsylvania is called the “Keystone State” It is called this because when the original 13 colonies resembled an arch, Pennsylvania was located in the middle, like a keystone

Mountains, Lakes, and Rivers All of Pennsylvania’s mountains are part of the Appalachian Mountain range The Allegheny Mountains stretch across the middle of the state Rivers and Lakes: The Delaware River forms on Pennsylvania’s eastern border and is a major shipping route The Susquehanna River flows through the central part of the state The Monongahela and Allegheny Rivers are tributaries of the Ohio River Lake Erie, a Great Lake, borders the northwest corner of Pennsylvania

Taking Care of Pennsylvania Natural Resources are materials found in nature that people can use Examples are: soil, water, trees, and minerals Two minerals found in Pennsylvania are sandstone and limestone Sandstone is used to make glass Limestone is used to make cement Fossil Fuels are fuels that are found in nature that were made from plants and animals that lived millions of years ago Examples are: coal, oil, natural gas

Natural Resources A renewable resource CAN be replaced Examples: plants, water, crops A nonrenewable resource CANNOT be replaced Examples: fossil fuels, sandstone, limestone, oil, natural gas

Climate, Plants, and Animals Pennsylvania has a temperate climate This means the temperature does not reach extreme highs or lows Pennsylvania’s climate is affected by location and elevation There are a variety of plants and animals living in Pennsylvania Ex of trees. Oak, elm, hemlock Ex of animals: Trout, foxes, geese