Explaining differences…Explaining similarities

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Presentation transcript:

Explaining differences…Explaining similarities Nature VS Nurture Explaining differences…Explaining similarities

“Life is like a game of cards “Life is like a game of cards. The hand that is dealt you represents determinism; the way you play it is free will.” Nehru

Consider Dolly…. Would a human clone’s adult personality mimic the person donating the genetic code? -or- Would he/she be unique?

Nature When biology determines behavior Tower of London Explains why people who are related to each other- resemble each other

Recessive vs. dominant genes Recessive genes= two recessive genes must be paired to produce characteristic Dominant genes= need no pairing. produce characteristic every time

Genes do not always influence life directly PKU

Evolutionary psychology Farm Fox Experiment Dmitry Belyaev 1959- Estonia 30- male 100- female 45,000 foxes later…

Shorter tails (less bushy) Changes to skull Changes to the fox.. Pigment Shorter tails (less bushy) Changes to skull Significant increase in tameness

How alike are we? 98.4% like Chimpanzees

The importance of twin studies… Identical twins reared apart (separated at birth)studied to see the effect of environment. Adopted fraternal twins studied to see the effect of inheritance.

What does research suggest? Identical Twins Separated Adopted Twins Values Interests Motor skills Reading, spelling, writing Intelligence Medical issues Personality Attitude Manners Faith Politics Work ethic

Temperament= your genetic personality The easy child The difficult child The slow-to-warm-up child

nurture Is your brain hard-wired and unchangeable- or does the environment actually produces changes in the brain? It depends….

Male pattern baldness=100%

Leadership qualities in women=30%

Environment is complex Culture= similarities/diversity Circumstances Economics Opportunities Skills learned

Time when we are especially sensitive to learning Critical periods Time when we are especially sensitive to learning Begins and ends abruptly Beyond this period, growth will not occur

Imprinting =RAPID, PERMENANT LEARNING Confined to a “definite” time period Irreversible Long-term consequences Konrad Lorenz

Prenatal influences.. Teratogens Congenital problems Fetal Alcohol syndrome

Gender… Your biggest environmental influence?