The story of village Palampur (Question & Answers) -Economics- The story of village Palampur (Question & Answers)

Q 4 – What are the different ways to increase production on the same piece of land? Ans – Farming is the production activity of Palampur. 75 percent of the people who are working are dependant on farming for their livelihood. There is a basic constraint in raising farm production. Land area under cultivation is practically fixed. Different crops can be grown during different parts of the year. E.g. During rainy season (Kharif) farmers grow Jowar and Bajra. These plants are used as cattle feed. It is followed by cultivation/growing of potato between October and Dectember, i.e., in the winter season. To grow more than one crop on a piece of land during the year is known as multiple cropping.

Q 5 – What are the sources of irrigation? Ans – The different sources of irrigation are - Tube wells. Sprinklers. Canals. Tanks. Ground water.

Q 6 – How has modern farming methods led to loss of soil fertility? Ans - In many areas, green revolution is associated with loss of soil fertility due to increased use of chemical fertilizers. Chemical fertilizers provide minerals which dissolve in water and are immediately available to plants. But these may not be retained in the soil for long. They may escape from the soil and pollute ground, rivers and lakes. The continuous use of chemical fertilizers has led to the degradation of soil health. The continuous use of ground water for the tube well irrigation has reduced the water table below the ground.

Q 7 – Name any three methods to increase crop production. Ans – The three methods to increase crop production are- Use of HYV seeds. Use of pesticides and fertilizers. Use of machinery (Tractors, threshers… etc) and irrigation methods (wells, dams, tanks … etc)

Q 9 –What is the difference between multiple cropping and modern farming methods? Ans –Multiple cropping To grow more than one crop on a piece of land during the year is called multiple cropping. Modern farming methods Modern farming methods refer to the use of HYV seeds, which require plenty of water, chemical fertilizers and pesticides produces best results.

Q 8 – What is Green revolution? Ans – The use of scientific techniques and methods to increase food grain production, especially cereals like wheat maize etc. It has contributed to increased food grain production.

Q 10 - What are the factors of production? Ans - Land - It includes land and other natural resources such as water, forests, minerals. Labour - It refers to the people who do the work. It includes skilled and unskilled labour. Some production activities require highly educated workers to perform the necessary tasks. Other activities require workers who can do manual work. Each worker is providing the labour necessary for production. Capital – It refers to the physical capital, i.e., The variety of inputs required at every stage during production. It may be of two types – a) Fixed capital - Tools, machines, buildings used in production. b) Working capital – Raw materials and money in hand collectively.

(Continuation of Answer 10………) Human capital – We need knowledge and enterprise to be able to put together land, labour , physical capital and to produce an output either to use yourself or to sell in the market. This these days is called human capital.

Q 11 – Modern farming methods require farmers to start with cash (money) more than before. Why? Ans- The traditional farming methods implied use of farming methods where farmers did not need to buy. They used cow dung and other natural manure as fertilizers which were readily available on their farm. They used seeds which needed less water and did not need extensive irrigation. Farming was largely dependant on rainfall. However modern farming methods imply use of better implements, tools, machinery HYV seeds, chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Thus farmers now need more cash than before to start farming. (Modern farming)

Q12 Name some non farming activities taking place in villages of India Q12 Name some non farming activities taking place in villages of India. What can be done so that more non farming activities can be started in the villages. Dairy farming, small-scale farming, small scale manufacturing, exchange of goods on a large scale and transportation of goods and people. Non farming activities require capital. Loans should be made available at low rate of interest so that even people without savings can start

Non-farming activity. Availability of markets should be created where goods and services produced, can be sold. Villages should be connected to towns and cities through good roads, transport and telephone facilities.