March 19, 2008 Chris Doser, Marshall Strong, and Cooper Hawley Discussion #11 Compare and contrast the role of nationalism in both creating nation-states and defining foreign policy in Egypt and Germany March 19, 2008 Chris Doser, Marshall Strong, and Cooper Hawley

What is Nationalism? Two definitions Extreme pride in one's country Common in many countries Desire of a group of people to be unified and to have their own nation Uniting Factor (Germany) Dividing Factor (Egypt, Quebec)

Egypt Muhammad Ali comes to power Begins modernization Europeans become wary of Egypt’s power Britain sends army to occupy Egypt to protect interests in Suez canal Egyptians protest British rule, develop unity

Germany German states share cultural identity, desire political unity (nationalism) Prussian Chancellor Bismarck unites states behind Prussia War w/ Austria brings northern states together Fear of France unites southern and northern states Bismarck appeases all classes to create universal pride in Germany Bismarck kept nationalism within German No imperialism! Wilhelm II pushed German pride and nationalism to imperialism Set Europe against Germany

Venn Diagram EGYPT GERMANY SIMILARITIES Nationalism broke Egypt away from Ottomans Rule w/ iron fist Imperialism Europe turns, Egypt falls Nationalism united German states More tolerant rule Did not imperialize Europe appeased, Germany lives Strong leaders promoted national pride Modernization important – gain $, pride up Threat from other states cause people to band together EGYPT GERMANY SIMILARITIES

“Once you start dividing a nation, can you ever stop?”

Discussion Questions “Why does nationalism work for some countries and not for others?” “How can a country as diverse as the U.S. remain centralized, when countries of less diversity like Georgia fragment?” “H.J Bilj, a geographer at Georgetowm University who is quoted in the article, says that the world needs a “global governance.” Bilj says this should take the form of an international body that can negotiate border changes and create new nations before fighting starts.” Do you agree that such a body is needed? Would one work?” “Do people need a common enemy to have a common sense of unity?”