First Five Questions Name as many Native American tools/weapons, materials as you can Name as many Native American tools/weapons, materials as you can In what ways are Native American and “White” American culture different from one another? In what ways are Native American and “White” American culture different from one another?

Culture Clash on the Prairie Westward Expansion and Native Americans

Eastern View of the West Easterners know very little about the West Easterners know very little about the West Believe land is controlled by “Savages” Believe land is controlled by “Savages” Developed tribes exist on the “Great Plains” Developed tribes exist on the “Great Plains” Great Plains: Grassland in the West/Central US Great Plains: Grassland in the West/Central US Sioux, Cheyenne, Pawnee Tribes Sioux, Cheyenne, Pawnee Tribes

The Great Plains

Plains Indians The Horse and Buffalo The Horse and Buffalo Horses come to North America with the Spanish Horses come to North America with the Spanish Become part of Native lifestyle Become part of Native lifestyle Indians roam the plains to hunt Buffalo Indians roam the plains to hunt Buffalo Meat for food, skins for clothing Meat for food, skins for clothing Bones for tools, hides for shelter Bones for tools, hides for shelter

Products from the Buffalo

Westward Expansion American settlers begin to move West Lured by gold and silver Open land to own and farm Natives don’t believe in land “ownership” Land is roamed and shared, not owned

Government Intervenes 1830’s: US Gov’t makes GP one big reservation 1830’s: US Gov’t makes GP one big reservation Protected lands for Indians to roam and hunt Protected lands for Indians to roam and hunt 1850’: Gov’t shrinks the size of Indian lands 1850’: Gov’t shrinks the size of Indian lands Indians ignore US gov’t, continue to hunt area Indians ignore US gov’t, continue to hunt area Natives begin to clash with settlers Natives begin to clash with settlers

Westward Expansion

Culture Clash Massacre and Sand Creek Massacre and Sand Creek 200 warriors, 500 women and children killed 200 warriors, 500 women and children killed US Army responsible US Army responsible 150 more killed on November 29 th, more killed on November 29 th, 1864 Crazy Horse attacks US Soldiers Crazy Horse attacks US Soldiers Kills 80 Kills 80 Fetterman Massacre Fetterman Massacre

Treaty of Fort Laramie Sioux agree to live on reservation Plot of land along Missouri River Sitting Bull (Sioux Leader) refuses to sign Other Sioux leaders disagree with Sitting Bull Battles continue throughout the plains

Gold Rush in the Black Hills Gold discovered in North Dakota Gold discovered in North Dakota Indians protest Whites in Indian Territories Indians protest Whites in Indian Territories Whites move in, Army protects them Whites move in, Army protects them

Custer’s Last Stand George A. Custer commands the 7 th Cavalry George A. Custer commands the 7 th Cavalry Orders men into Little Bighorn River Valley Orders men into Little Bighorn River Valley Crazy Horse, Gall, and Sitting Bull waiting Crazy Horse, Gall, and Sitting Bull waiting Custer’s men are slaughtered Custer’s men are slaughtered The “Battle of Little Bighorn The “Battle of Little Bighorn

Battle of Little Bighorn

Assimilation By 1876, the Indians are defeated By 1876, the Indians are defeated Many people believe in assimilation Many people believe in assimilation Assimilation: Indians give up their culture Assimilation: Indians give up their culture Become part of White Society Become part of White Society Dawes Act (1887): Reservations are broken up Dawes Act (1887): Reservations are broken up Land give to individual Natives Land give to individual Natives Rest of land sold to settlers Rest of land sold to settlers By the 1930’s, Natives lose 2/3 of their land By the 1930’s, Natives lose 2/3 of their land

Wounded Knee December 28 th, 1890: December 28 th, 1890: 7 th Cavalry rounds up 350 Sioux 7 th Cavalry rounds up 350 Sioux Take them to a camp at Wounded Knee Take them to a camp at Wounded Knee 7 th Cavalry massacres unarmed Natives 7 th Cavalry massacres unarmed Natives

Wounded Knee/Sitting Bull