Karyotypes IB1 Biology Song Hee Bae. Karyotypes Karyotype: the number and appearance of the chromosomes in an organism. Karyotype is always found in a.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Mitosis vs. Meiosis.

Advertisements

Methods of Detection Unit 6: Genetic Abnormalities IN 147.

Meiosis Past Paper Questions.

4.2: Meiosis ★State that meiosis is a reduction division of a diploid nucleus to form haploid nuclei. ★Define homologous chromosomes. ★Outline the process.

Meiosis – Part B Take out a piece of paper and write for two minutes what makes you unique 

Meiosis – Down Syndrome Lecture Notes Biol 100 – K.Marr

Chromosome disorders.

Chapter 11.3 – Nondisjunction I.Nondisjunction – the failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis A.Normal Meiosis – one chromosome.

Human Genetics – Studying Chromosomes & Diseases Biology.

Non-disjunction, Down’s syndrome, and karyotypes IB Topic 4.2.

Chapter 11 &14 Human Genetics and Meiosis

Chromosomes. Learning Objectives By the end of this class you should understand: The purpose of a karyotype The reason mitosis must be stimulated during.

Karyotypes and Nondisjunction April 2, Some inherited traits can be identified at the chromosome level. Geneticists use karyotypes. Chromosomes.

KARYOTYPE Refers to the chromosome complement of a cell or a whole organism In particular, it shows the number, size, and shape of the chromosomes as seen.

Meiosis (3.3) IB Diploma Biology Essential Idea: Meiosis produces genetically-varied, haploid cells needed for sexual reproduction.

Topic 4.2: Meiosis.

GENETICS I CHROMOSOMES GENETICS I CHROMOSOMES. A. CHROMOSOMES Chromosomes are found in the nucleus of the cell Chromosomes are found in the nucleus of.

Meiosis Animation. Meiosis A second type of cell division designed to make haploid cells called gametes Gametes include sperm and egg Meiosis occurs in.

Intro to Genetics Why do we look the way we do? Review of DNA and Chromosomes Our DNA wind up neatly into a CHROMOSOME. Chromosomes contain alleles.

Errors in Meiosis.  Non-disjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes, or sister chromatids, to separate during meiosis. Nondisjunction may occur.

 An organ filled with blood vessels that nourishes the baby in the uterus.

(Eukaryotic DNA Structure)

Sex Determination & Nondisjunction Disorders

4.2.1 State that meiosis is a reduction division of a diploid nucleus to form haploid nuclei »Meiosis is a reduction division of a diploid nucleus to form.

Meiosis Topics 4.2 and Assessment Statements 4.2.1State that meiosis is a reduction division of a diploid nucleus to form haploid nuclei Define.

Title: Chromosomal mutations 01 November 2015 Learning question: what can go wrong in meiosis and how can this be detected? Homework: STUDY!!!

4.2.4 – Non-disjunction, karyotyping, chorionic villus sampling, amniocentesis, theoretical genetics Tyler and Tahjai.

Chromosomes (Eukaryotic DNA Structure). When the cell is not dividing, DNA is long and stringy and called chromatin.

Meiosis IB Topics 4.2 and 10.2 Chapter 13 Campbell.

MEIOSIS 3.3. Today’s Class Focus on gamete production (meiosis) and how cells go from being diploid to haploid Curriculum – 3.3 U1 One diploid nucleus.

We can visualize our entire DNA by constructing a chromosome karyotype

4.3 Alterations In Chromosome Structure and Number

Pick up warm-up from front table. Complete warm-up first! Complete warm-up first! When finished…get out sponge bob worksheet. Do you have any questions???

Gametogenesis the formation of gametes in animals Gametogenesis although Gametogenesis in males and females is generally the same there are some general.

NOTES - MEIOSIS: Genetic Variation / Mistakes in Meiosis (Section 11.4 & CH 14 (p. 392, 401))

MEIOSIS 4.2. Key Concepts Gametes have half the number of chromosomes that body cells have. During meiosis, diploid cells undergo two cell divisions that.

MEIOSIS 3.3 & Meiosis: A reduction division of a diploid nucleus to form four haploid nuclei. This allows for a sexual life cycle in living organisms.

Karyotype Notes. What each of the human chromosomes look like.

Gamete Formation & Genetic Variation. Gamete Formation The production of gametes is called __________________ and results in the formation of __________.

Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote Chromosomes

Sex Determination & Nondisjunction Disorders June 13, 2016.

Prenatal & Infertility Procedures. Can you think of some ways we can learn about a developing fetus before it is born?

Karyotypes copyright cmassengale.

Human Genetics part 2.

Topic 4: Genetics 4.2 Meiosis IB Biology SFP - Mark Polko.

Karyotypes Objective: 6H - describe how techniques such as DNA fingerprinting, genetic modifications, and chromosomal analysis are used to study the genomes.

Karyotype A photo of the chromosomes in a dividing cell that show the chromosomes arranged by size. Purpose of a Karyotype: (1) to detect abnormalities.

Karyotypes BIO Predict offspring ratios based on a variety of inheritance patterns (including dominance, co-dominance, incomplete dominance, multiple.

MEIOSIS Topic 4.2 IB Biology Miss Werba.

Meiosis Topics 4.2 and 10.1.

Genetics: Karyotypes and X-linked traits

Ch.7: Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Meiosis with Mitosis Review and Comparison

3.3 Meiosis Alleles segregate during meiosis allowing new combinations to be formed by the fusion of gametes.

A picture of a person’s chromosomes.

Karyotype Notes.

Abnormal Meiosis.

Mistakes in Meiosis Section 4.4.

Sexual Reproduction Meiosis.

Meiosis 3.3 & 10.1.

Nondisjunction and Karyotypes

Meiosis By: Mr. Meade.

The Human Karyotype & Nondisjunction

Abnormal Meiosis.

Mistakes in Meiosis Learning Goal: To learn how mistakes in meiosis can cause genetic disorders and how they are detected. Success Criteria: I know I am.

Meiosis vocabulary Sperm- male sex gamete ( 1N)

How is gender determined?

Notes: When Mistakes Occur

8.3 Human Genetics and Mutations

Karyotype A photo of the chromosomes in a dividing cell that show the chromosomes arranged by size. Purpose of a Karyotype: (1) to detect abnormalities.

Presentation transcript:

Karyotypes IB1 Biology Song Hee Bae

Karyotypes Karyotype: the number and appearance of the chromosomes in an organism. Karyotype is always found in a photograph of the chromosomes found in a cell arranged according to a standard format. Organisms that are same species usually have the same karyotype. Can detect: oGender oChromosome abnormalities

Karyotyping 1.Fetal cells obtained 2.Cells are stimulated to divide by mitosis. 3.Stops mitosis in stage of metaphase, because chromosomes are mostly visible in metaphase. 4.Chromosomes in the photograph are cut out and arranged into pairs according to their size and structure. Two Methods of Karyotyping oAmniocentesis: a sample of amniotic fluid is removed from the amniotic sac around the fetus. oChorionic villus sampling: obtaining a tissue sample from the placentas finger-like projections into the uterus wall.

Examining Karyotypes Gender Sex chromosomes. oXX – female oXY - male Women - X chromosomes Men - either X or Y chromosomes Chromosome disabilities sometimes, chromosomes do not split during meiosis - nondisjunction. Gametes are produced with either specific chromosome too many or too few. Gametes with one chromosome too few usually quickly die. Gametes with one chromosome too many sometimes survive. = down syndrome

Down Syndrome 47 Chromosomes in total Three chromosomes of type 21, rather than two. Can be due either to non-disjunction during the formation of the sperm or egg. Cant deduce the extent of affect. The chance of down syndrome increases with the age of the parents.

Vocabulary Karyotype: the number and appearance of the chromosomes in an organism. Karyotyping: the process of cutting the chromosomes in the photograph and arranging into pairs. Amniocentesis: a method of extracting fetus cell by removing a sample of amniotic fluid from the amniotic sac around the fetus, using a hypodermic needle. Chorionic villus sampling: a method of extracting fetus cell by obtaining a tissue sample from the placentas finger-like projections into the uterus wall. Non-disjunction: non-separation of chromosomes.

Reference IB Biology Study Guides (page 25) Pearson Biology (page 97) Human Karyotype image linked Mitotic metaphase image linked Sex chromosome image linked Down Syndrome Karyotype image linked