Starch—Break It Down! p. 369

What is an enzyme? A protein found in organisms with a specific function. Examples: Protease breaks down proteins Lipase breaks down lipids Amylase breaks down carbs Where do you think these enzymes are found? What is similar between the 3 enzymes?

Function of Enzymes Reduce the amount of activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction. As a result the enzyme acts as a catalyst by speeding up the reaction. Ex. Digestion would take a lot longer w/o enzymes! Control very specific reactions (see lock and key model) Breakdown reactions, ex. Digestion Synthesis reactions, ex. Protein Synthesis (making of proteins from ?????)

Progress of the reaction Course of reaction without enzyme EA without enzyme EA with enzyme is lower Reactants Course of reaction with enzyme Free energy Change in free energy (∆G ) is unaffected by enzyme Products Progress of the reaction

Lock & Key Model Enzymes are substrate specific! Substrate Observe the picture above. Provide evidence that supports the claim that enzymes are substrate specific. Enzyme

Enzyme Function (Hydrogen Peroxide) + H2O O2 (Products)

Purpose of this lab! (See NTK Box, p. 370-71) Your team will investigate the role of amylase in breaking down starch into smaller molecules called maltose and glucose. How do different variables affect enzyme reactions?

Variables (circle one) Amylase Concentration Starch Concentration Temperature pH (acidic or basic environment)

Guidelines You will be observing: The amount of glucose produced. The presence of starch. You will collect data: 0 minutes 4 minutes You must use both amylase and starch, but change only 1 variable! Note: You are doing this for all 3 concentrations, temperatures, or pH’s