CTI Biofuels BioFueling the Future… Non-Confidential CTI Biofuels CTIB NonConf sbb 1 Presentation to Atlantic Greenfuels Workshop January 15, 2014 Jatropha in Absentia Kevin P. Reilly– CTI Biofuels, Pittsburgh, PA 201 E. Carson Street, Pittsburgh, PA

CTI Biofuels BioFueling the Future… Non-Confidential CTI Biofuels CTIB NonConf sbb 2 CTI Biofuels is a privately owned company with offices located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. In cooperation with the Center for Advanced Fuel Technology at Carnegie Mellon University, CTIB has co-developed proprietary technology for the production of Biodiesel. The company sells pre- assembled modular biodiesel factories and forms joint venture partnerships to produce biodiesel. It also has technology to produce Bio-Jet Fuel, Bio- Gasoline and Green Diesel from renewable feedstocks.

CTI Biofuels BioFueling the Future… Non-Confidential CTI Biofuels CTIB NonConf sbb 3 Jatropha Curcas Seed oil plant Grows in Tropical Climates Yields about 1.6 Tonnes per Hectare of oil similar to Rape Seed Oil Related to Cassava, Castor Bean, Sparge (it grows like a weed)

CTI Biofuels BioFueling the Future… Non-Confidential CTI Biofuels CTIB NonConf sbb 4 Growing Conditions Temp Range Min 15CMax 35 C Optimum Temp20-26 C Rain625 mm/yr (300 – 2380 mm/yr) pH5.0 – 6.5 SoilRocky, Sandy or Clay Well drained without flooding Adapts to many soil types even salty soil

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CTI Biofuels BioFueling the Future… Non-Confidential CTI Biofuels CTIB NonConf sbb 6 Jatropha Oil Jatropha Biodiesel

CTI Biofuels BioFueling the Future… Non-Confidential CTI Biofuels CTIB NonConf sbb 7 What to do with the Jatropha oil Jatropha oil is toxic…..???? Used as a medicine for topical treatment on skin Lamp oil Biofuel feedstock – Biodiesel, Bio-Jet Fuel, Bio-Gasoline, Green Diesel The Japanese forced the Indonesians to grow Jatropha to produce oil for the Japanese war effort during World War II. Indonesia has excellent experience in growing Jatropha but in general doesnt publish much about it.

CTI Biofuels BioFueling the Future… Non-Confidential CTI Biofuels CTIB NonConf sbb 8 What CTI Biofuels is doing with Jatropha Starting Plantations in Indonesia and Africa Why? Vertically integrate Biofuel business by owning feedstock production Provide jobs for many third world areas Produce locally sustainable fuel in third world areas Use sustainable agriculture to reduce CO2 Produce profit from presently fallow or under-producing land

CTI Biofuels BioFueling the Future… Non-Confidential CTI Biofuels CTIB NonConf sbb 9 Indonesia

CTI Biofuels BioFueling the Future… Non-Confidential CTI Biofuels CTIB NonConf sbb 10 Indonesian Plans Plant 2 million Hectares of previously timbered plantations 80,000 hectares acquired Planting schedule 3000 hectares per month 2500 plants per hectare, 2 m centers (Irrigation addition) 50,000 Hectares requires 5000 people to operate 40 Hectare seed plantation 200 Hectare shaded nursery Biofuel production to meet local needs Seed oil production to meet International needs

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CTI Biofuels BioFueling the Future… Non-Confidential CTI Biofuels CTIB NonConf sbb 12

CTI Biofuels BioFueling the Future… Non-Confidential CTI Biofuels CTIB NonConf sbb 13

CTI Biofuels BioFueling the Future… Non-Confidential CTI Biofuels CTIB NonConf sbb 14 Jatropha Propagation Heat treated seeds in planting mix Shoots planted in planting mix Grafting (not our plan) Cutting apical dominance Mechanical planters

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CTI Biofuels BioFueling the Future… Non-Confidential CTI Biofuels CTIB NonConf sbb 16

CTI Biofuels BioFueling the Future… Non-Confidential CTI Biofuels CTIB NonConf sbb 17

CTI Biofuels BioFueling the Future… Non-Confidential CTI Biofuels CTIB NonConf sbb 18

CTI Biofuels BioFueling the Future… Non-Confidential CTI Biofuels CTIB NonConf sbb 19 Some of the more popular oil feedstocks are listed in this chart. The oils at the end have higher yield but require more effort to harvest and extract…

CTI Biofuels BioFueling the Future… Non-Confidential CTI Biofuels CTIB NonConf sbb 20 Jatropha Plantation Yields 1.6 Tonnes per Hectare is world standard Tonnes per Hectare is present Indonesian standard (Shhhhhhhh!) A 50,000 hectare plantation will yield 80,000 tonnes per year of oil (24 million gallons which is $36 million revenue per year (Jatropha trees can last 50 years)

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CTI Biofuels BioFueling the Future… Non-Confidential CTI Biofuels CTIB NonConf sbb 22

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CTI Biofuels BioFueling the Future… Non-Confidential CTI Biofuels CTIB NonConf sbb 24 Unit Conversions 1 Square Mile = 259 Hectares 50,000 Hectares = 19 Square Miles 1 Tonne= approx 300 gallons biodiesel 1 Kg = 2.2 pounds 1 Ha= 2.5 Acres

CTI Biofuels BioFueling the Future… Non-Confidential CTI Biofuels CTIB NonConf sbb 25 Fuel from seed oil: Biodiesel - Transesterification, Esterification, Super Critical MeOH Bio-Jet Fuel – Direct Conversion through Hydrotreating/HydroCracking Bio-Gasoline – Direct Conversion through Hydrotreating/HydroCracking Green Diesel – Direct Conversion through Hydrotreating/HydroCracking

CTI Biofuels BioFueling the Future… Non-Confidential CTI Biofuels CTIB NonConf sbb 26 Wash, Rinse, Repeat!

CTI Biofuels BioFueling the Future… Non-Confidential CTI Biofuels CTIB NonConf sbb 27 Africa 50,000 Hectares to start 1 Million Hectares target

CTI Biofuels BioFueling the Future… Non-Confidential CTI Biofuels CTIB NonConf sbb 28 CTI Biofuels offers: Joint Ventures Direct Factory Sales Production/Operations Management Services Day to day operations management Logistics including biodiesel sales and feedstock procurement

CTI Biofuels BioFueling the Future… Non-Confidential CTI Biofuels CTIB NonConf sbb 29 Conclusion: Jatropha is a viable feedstock for environmental, economic and social reasons Jatropha plantations although used in WWII are just re-starting Indonesia has a large knowledge base CTI Biofuels is starting plantations in Indonesia and Africa with other Tropical areas to follow Other oil feedstock may eventual supplant Jatropha but they are years away

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