Equity & Quality in Chilean Education: Pending Debt with Under Priviliged. Some Contributions & Experiences with Finnish Students Lillian González, University of La Frontera,

Brief History of Education in Chile Between 1500s & 1800s, education responsibility of Catholic institutions Better educational opportunities scarce, highly stratified, aimed at male members of aristocratic elite Become national political leaders

Early 20th Century An educational reform solidifies public education Ministry of Education born Centralized educational policies applied Free text books, basic school supplies support elementary education

Promising educational development ends Effects of world financial crack destabilizes Chiles income Emergence of ideological movements in Universities and schools of education Teachers declared revolutionaries

Social and geographical inequalities Illiteracy a major problem Drop outs: disadvantaged children, from rural origin, poor ones

1950s, Motivation to remain in school Social strategies implemented Illiteracy attacked Free meals offered at school Access to health and dental care treatments

1960s, Economical Stability Expanssion of education New facilities built Funds allocated for the economically disadvantaged, agrarian workers and rural students

1965 /1973 Contemporary methodologies used More equity and quality in education Some scholarships for low income students to enhance high school and University education

1975 /1990 Chiles education suffers abrupt changes Educational budget reduced New conception of schooling Education managed by local governements Teacher salaries reduced Several teacher training institutions closed

Equity and quality far from hope of the average citizen Good education is private and expensive

1990 Chile recovers its democracy Many nations of the world willing to support it Finland among supporting countries

Chile is a destination for Finnish University graduates Scholarships Work for the enhancement of education initially

Finland, multilingual country Worlds best educational system Globally aware population Sends CIMO scholars to Chile Chile, monolingual country Consumed education 500 years isolation Struggles for its democracy & development Receives Finnish cooperants

Cooperation Starts Seminar in Santiago 10 years ago Chilean educational institutions invited Finnish institutions look for contacts to cooperate

Faculty and Rectors present Finnish Universities Finnish culture shown Tango Festival

First CIMO Scholars Surprise Chilean employers positively Professional quality Independence Multilingual language skills Spanish with almost no accent Impeccable professional performance

Student Challenges Life at work not easy Work in deprived environments Work culture difficult to understand Jobs often characterized by underdevelopment, necessity and need

Student Challenges Students work to contribute to the overcoming of poverty Contribute to the raising educational standards Often in rural environments, where life, climate and work may be hard

Have been critical Have asked intelligent questions Have helped Chilean peers to re evaluate jobs with their external vision Have become ambassadors to Finland

Learning Opportunities Learned about Chilean culture Learned to addapt to new situations Learned to make do with what they have Learned to overcome difficulties Learned to develop strategies many times alone to succeed

Young Ambassadors Memories and Friends Important professional contributions for the community Open doors for more Finnish students to come

CIMO: Cooperation with Chile Chile, stable democracy Globalized economy Continues upgrading education Equal opportunities for everybody Something experienced at home and shared with us by Finnish students worked in Chile

Experience Benefits Flexibility, generosity, understanding Number of Finnish students increased Work areas diversified

Experience Benefits Finnish students will continue to brig youth, professional profficiency, their culture and a way of doing things, that will keep on benefitting those still in need.

Thank you Students, Thank you CIMO Thank you Finland