N ATIONALISM IN I NDIA Section 14.4

S ETTING THE S TAGE (453) After World War 1, the, which controlled India, began to show signs of cracking This stirred nationalist activity in India Many upper-class Indians who attended British schools learned European views of and.

I NDIAN NATIONALISM GROWS (453) Two groups formed to rid India of British rule: Hindu Indian National Congress Muslim League Though deep divisions existed between the and, they shared common ground. Both worked toward the goal of from.

W ORLD W AR I I NCREASES N ATIONALIST A CTIVITY (453) In return for their military service in WWI, the British promised that would lead to. The British did not fulfill this promise To curb violence among nationalists, the British passed the Acts, which allowed the government to protesters without trial for up to.

A MRITSAR M ASSACRE ( ) To protest the Rowlatt Acts, Hindus and Muslims gathered to Amritsar They intended to,, and listen to political speeches The British commander believed they were openly defying a ban on public meetings He ordered his troops to fire on the crowd. The shooting lasted about minutes and killed Indians This massacre turned many loyal British subjects into.

A MRITSAR MASSACRE

G ANDHI S TACTICS OF NONVIOLENCE (454) Mohandas K. emerged as the leader of the nationalist movement His strategy for battling injustice evolved from a approach to politics. His followers called him which translated to Great Soul

N ONCOOPERATION & B OYCOTTS ( ) In 1920, the Congress party endorsed, the deliberate and public refusal to obey an unjust law. Gandhi called on Indians to refuse to: Buy Pay Attend Vote in He staged a successful boycott of British. He wore only homespun cloth and encouraged Indians to follow his example.

S TRIKES AND D EMONSTRATIONS (455) Gandhis weapon of civil disobedience took an economic toll on the British They struggled to keep trains running, factories operating and overcrowded jails from bursting The British arrested thousands of Indians Despite Gandhis pleas for, protests often led to riots

T HE S ALT M ARCH (455) In 1930 Gandhi organized a demonstration to protest the Acts. Indians could only by salt from the. They also had to pay on salt To show their opposition, they marched 240 miles to the seacoast and began to make their own salt. This peaceful protest was called the.

S ALT M ARCH CONT D (455) Police officers attacked the demonstrators with. The people refused to defend themselves against their attackers. Newspapers covered the incident and won support for the nationalists

B RITAIN G RANTS L IMITED S ELF -R ULE (455) In 1935 the British Parliament passed the Act It provided local self-government and limited democratic elections Tensions mounted between the and the.