ACIDS, BASES and SALTS

My numbering system Slide title: A, B, C… - Points on a slide: 1, 2, 3, - How to find it on your note handout: A1, A2, B1, B2…

A1. What is a/an acid, base, salt? A2. How to name them A. What you need to know? A1. What is a/an acid, base, salt? A2. How to name them A3. Acid, base, salt properties A4. Identify at least 3 products that are acids, bases, and salts used in daily life

Organic(= Carbon-containing) acids Inorganic (=no carbon) acids B. Common Acids Name Formula Organic(= Carbon-containing) acids vinegar (acetic acid) HC2H3O2 citric acid HC6H7O2 ascorbic acid HC6H7O6 lactic acid HC3H5O3 acetylsalicylic acid HC9H7O4 Inorganic (=no carbon) acids sulfuric acid H2SO4 carbonic acid H2CO3 phosphoric acid H3PO4 nitric acid HNO3 hydrochloric acid HCl hydrobromic acid HBr hydrofluoric acid HF

C. What is an acid? C1. An acid is a compound that accepts pair of electrons. Commonly, most acid have proton (H+) in their chemical formula

D.How to name acid HF Hydrofluoric acid HCl Hydrochloric acid HBr D1. Inorganic acids (=no C, O in formula): Hydro---ic acid e.g. HF Hydrofluoric acid HCl Hydrochloric acid HBr Hydrobromic acid HI Hydroiodic acid

(Non-ate part)- ic acid How to name acid (cont.) D2. Oxoacids (oxygen-containing acids): (Non-ate part)- ic acid Oxoacids Non-ate part Names HClO3 Chlor- Chloric acid HNO3 Nitr- Nitric acid H2CO3 Carbon- Carbonic acid HBrO3 Brom- Bromic acid HIO3 Iod- Iodic acid HC2H3O2 Acet- Acetic acid

(Non-ate part)- ic acid How to name acid (cont.) D3. Oxoacids that are slight exceptions to the naming rules of: (Non-ate part)- ic acid Oxoacids Non-ate part Names H2SO4 Sulph- Sulfuric acid H3PO4 Phosph- Phosphoric acid

E. Common Acid Properties E1. Sour E2. Corrosive E3. Water-soluble E4. Good electricity conductors

F. Acids in everyday life F1.Carbonic acid (H2CO3) F2.Citric acid Also, ascorbic acid (Vitamin C)

F. Acids in everyday life F4. Cheese (acetic acid) F3. Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) F5.Sour milk (lactic acid)

F6. Sorbic Acid: a preservative

G. Acids in the body G1.Heartburn: Caused by HCl from the stomach comes back up the esophagus Despite its name, heartburn actually has nothing to do with the heart. It is so called because of a burning sensation of the breastbone where the heart is located Smoking, Eating large meals or shortly before bedtime , chocolate, fried and fatty foods, peppermint, coffee, alcohol, sugars relax the lower esophagus sphincter

H. Bee Sting and Formic Acid

BASES

Focus only on inorganic bases I. Common Bases Focus only on inorganic bases Name Formula Sodium hydroxide NaOH Potassium hydroxide KOH Aluminum hydroxide Al(OH)3 Ammonium hydroxide NH4OH Sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3 Potassium sulfite K2SO3

J. What is a base? J1. A base is a compound which donate pairs of electrons. Commonly, most bases have hydroxide (OH-) in their chemical formula

K-How to name bases? LiOH Lithium hydroxide Mg(OH)2 Metal name first+ hydroxide e.g LiOH Lithium hydroxide Mg(OH)2 Magnesium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 Calcium hydroxide Fe(OH)2 Iron hydroxide

L. Common Acid Properties Bases: L1. are bitter L2. feel slippery L3. are water-soluble L4. are good electricity conductors

M. Bases in everyday life M3. Baking soda (NaHCO3) M2. Windex (NH3) M1.Drain cleaners contains NaOH

N. What would you do if? N1.Your car battery acid (H2SO4) is spilled?

SALTS

O. What is a salt? O1. Salts are composed of positively charged ion (cation) and negatively charged ion (anion) O2. A salt is formed when acid react with base E.g. CuSO4

P. Applications of Salts P1. Soaps and Detergents

P. Applications of Salts (cont.) P2. Fertilizer (e.g. Ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate)

Q. Salt and our Canadian’s weather Q1. Why put salt on the sidewalk when it snows?

Q. Salt and our Canadian’s weather Q1. Road salt helps reduce the freezing point of snow

R. A Cultural Look at Food Preservation Table salts

What are the most 2 interesting things you find out about ACIDS today? What are the most 2 interesting things you find out about BASES today? What are the most 2 interesting things you find out about SALTS today?