The American Expeditionary Force in France 1917-18.

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Presentation transcript:

The American Expeditionary Force in France

The Amalgamation Controversy What was the best way to employ U.S. manpower? What was the best way to employ U.S. manpower? Allies needed men, had officers experienced in running large formations. Allies needed men, had officers experienced in running large formations. U.S. had men, little experience in administering & employing large units. U.S. had men, little experience in administering & employing large units. Shipping considerations. Shipping considerations.

Allies want American soldiers to fill their ranks. John J. Pershing, AEF commander, fights to create an independent U.S. army. John J. Pershing, AEF commander, fights to create an independent U.S. army.

The German Offensives of March - July 1918

Chateau Thierry & Belleau Wood

Aisne-Marne Counteroffensive, July-August 1918 American forces operate in separate corps. American forces operate in separate corps. Immediately afterwards, Pershing creates the 1 st U.S. Army. Immediately afterwards, Pershing creates the 1 st U.S. Army. Over the summer, number of U.S. soldiers in France exceeds 1 million. Over the summer, number of U.S. soldiers in France exceeds 1 million. U.S. will have two armies on the Western Front by November. U.S. will have two armies on the Western Front by November.

The St. Mihiel Offensive, Sept , 1918

The Meuse-Argonne Offensive, Sept. 26 – Nov. 11

Argonne Hero: Alvin C. York

Other considerations… open vs. trench warfare open vs. trench warfare African-American troops African-American troops tension within the army tension within the army Pursuit of an independent American Army in France: Pursuit of an independent American Army in France: Assessment? Assessment?