The Present Subjunctive Español 3 Capítulo 7 Página 239-240

The Subjunctive Up to now you have been using verbs in the indicative mood, which is used to talk about facts or actual events.

Spanish has another way of using verbs called the subjunctive mood.

Espero que tú obtengas una A en tu prueba. The Subjunctive Espero obtener una A en mi prueba. Vs. Espero que tú obtengas una A en tu prueba.

The Subjunctive We use it to say what one person: asks hopes tells insists requires someone else to do something. The subjunctive is not fact/it did not happen yet.

WIERD Wish Emotion Impersonal Expressions Requests Doubt (of existence or of occurrence)

The Subjunctive A sentence that includes the subjunctive form has two parts connected by the word que (meaning that). For example:

The Subjunctive Quiero que tú estudies I want you to study.

2 Clauses Ella sugiere que tú estudies Español Independent clause (stands on its own) Subject > Verb Separated by the word “que” Dependent clause (can’t stand on its own) Begins with the word “que.” Subjunctive Verb Indicative Verb

1st subject – Indicative The Subjunctive 1st subject – Indicative + QUE 2ND Subject – Subjunctive

The Subjunctive We form the present subjunctive of most verbs the same way we form negative tú commands.

Decir (when it means tell) Esperar Exigir Insistir en Pedir Querer Words that would indicate the subjunctive (you will find these in your main clause) Decir (when it means tell) Esperar Exigir Insistir en Pedir Querer Recomendar Sugerir

The Subjunctive We drop the -o of the present-tense indicative yo form and add the subjunctive endings.

For -ar verbs: e, es, e, emos, éis, en For -er/-ir verbs: The Subjunctive For -ar verbs: e, es, e, emos, éis, en For -er/-ir verbs: a, as, a, amos, áis, an

Votar – to vote vote votes votemos votéis voten

Prometer– to promise prometa prometas prometamos prometáis prometan

Recibir – to receive reciba recibas recibamos recibáis reciban

The Subjunctive The present subjunctive has the same spelling changes and irregular yo form changes used with the negative tú commands and Ud./Uds. commands.

As in negative commands, irregular verbs that add a “g” to the stem in the present-tense yo form also have a “g” in the present subjunctive.

Verbs that have a go in the yo present indicative form caerse decir hacer poner salir tener traer

Irregular Subjunctive Verbs hacer hag-o haga tener teng-o tenga

Irregular Subjunctive Verbs Also verbs ending in –car, -gar, and –zar have a spell change in order to maintain the original sound.

Irregular Subjunctive Verbs buscar busco busque pagar pago pague cruzar cruzo cruce

Ger infinitives Escoger Coger Exigir Recoger Escoger Coger Exigir Remember there are some where the yo form the g changes to a j. Escoger Coger Exigir Recoger Escoger Coger Exigir Recoger Escoja Coja Exija Recoja Escoja Coja Exija Recoja

Stem Changing verbs Keep the stem for all –ar and –er verbs except in the nosotros form. Ex. Cierre, cerremos -ir infinitives the nosotros form e-i, o-u even if the other forms have ie and ue. sienta, sintamos, duerma, durmamos