;F:s[ltsf kIfx? / e"m6sf ;~hfn......

2 kl/ro e"m6sf ;+:s[ltsf s]xL pbfx/0fx? !_ af]lnleofsf] cN6LKnfgf]df clwsf+z Odf/f hfltsf dflg;n] kfrf dfdf gfd u/]sf] :yfgLo b}jL zlQmsf] k"hf u5{g\. !_ af]lnleofsf] cN6LKnfgf]df clwsf+z Odf/f hfltsf dflg;n] kfrf dfdf gfd u/]sf] :yfgLo b}jL zlQmsf] k"hf ?jfG8fdf *) k|ltzt lqmlZrog eP/ klg !(($ sf] clk|n ^ b]lv h'nfO{;Dd 7"nf] g/;+xf/ eof], h;df * nfv dfl/Psf lyP. o;sf] s'g} hafkm 5}g. n]vsn] ;"j]{df ;+:s[ltsf] cfwf/e"t l;4fGtdf ljZjf; 5}g / pgLx?df leq}af6 kl/jt{g cfPg. sxLF xfd|f] laZjf;df To:tf] t 5}g < n]vsn] ;"j]{df ;+:s[ltsf] cfwf/e"t l;4fGtdf ljZjf; 5}g / pgLx?df leq}af6 kl/jt{g cfPg. sxLF xfd|f] laZjf;df To:tf] t 5}g <

3 Plkm;L ^M xfd|f] n8fO s] sf] lj?4df xf]Og< xfd|f] n8fO s] sf] lj?4df xf]Og< xfd|f] n8fO s;sf] lj?4df xf] < xfd|f] n8fO s;sf] lj?4df xf] < tkfO{+sf] zAbdf zq' sf] xf] t < tkfO{+sf] zAbdf zq' sf] xf] t <

4 z}tfg / p;sf] /0fgLlt z}tfg / p;sf] /0fgLlt o"xGgf *M$$ o"xGgf *M$$ M #, &–* M #, &–*

5 ;d'bfosf] hu ljgfzsf hux? c1fgtf c1fgtf e"m6x? e"m6x? ljsf;sf hux? ljsf;sf hux? 1fg 1fg ;To ;To

6 unftL $M #–!), ^–*, != kfjnn] ljZjf;Lsf] ljutnfO{ s;/L lrq0f u/]sf 5g\ ljZjf;LnfO{ s;n] bf;Tjdf kf/]sf 5 < #M o]z"n] s] ug{'eof] < $M pxfFn] of] s;/L ug{'eof] < %M ljZjf;Lx?sf lglDt jt{dfg k|ltkmn s] s] x'g\ < ^M ljZjf;Lx?sf lglDt eljiosf] 5gf]6 s] xf] < &M xfdLnfO{ bf;Tjdf kfg]{ k|wfgtf / zlQmx?n] s] s] k|of]u u5{g\ <

7 k|Zg !M kfjnn] ljZjf;Lsf] ljutnfO{ s;/L lrq0f u/]sf 5g\ < unftL $M# xfdL klg o;/L g} afns 5p~h]n ;+;f/sf b}jL zlQmx?sf] bf;Tjdf lyof}+. ^–* Wofg b]cf] ls s;}n] bz{gzf:q / vf]qmf] 5nn] ltdLx?nfO{ lzsf/ gagfcf];\ hf] v|Li6sf cg;f/ xf]Og t/ dflg;sf] k/Dk/f / ljZjsf cfwf/e"t l;4fGtx?dfly cl8Psf] x'G5.

8 ljZjf;LnfO{ s;n] bf;Tjdf kf/]]sf] 5 < ljZjf;LnfO{ s;n] bf;Tjdf kf/]]sf] 5 < unftL $M* cl3cl3 ha ltdLx?n] k/d]Zj/nfO{ lrg]sf lyPgf}. ltdLx? ltgsf bf; lyof}, hf] :jfefj}n] b]jx? xf]Ogg\. pxfFn] k|wfgtfx? / zlQmx?nfO{ lgMz:q kf/L tL ;a}dfly q\"mzdf ljho k|fKt ug{eof] / ltgLx?nfO{ v'ndv'nf tdf;f agfOlbg'eof].

9 k|Zg # o]z"n] s] ug{'eof] < unftL $M% Joj:yfsf] cwLgdf /xg]x?nfO{ df]n lt/]/ 56fpgnfO{ oxf k7fOg'eof] tfls xfdL k'qsf] xs k|fKt ug{ ;s"F pxfFn] k|wfgtfx? / zlQmx?nfO{ lgMz:q kf/L tL ;a}dfly q\"mzdf ljho k|fKt ug{eof] / ltgLx?nfO{ v'ndv'nf tdf;f agfOlbg'eof].

10 k|Zg $ pxf n] of] s;/L ug{'eof] < pxfFn] k|wfgtfx? / zlQmx?nfO{ lgMz:q kf/L tL ;a}dfly q\"mzdf ljho k|fKt ug{eof] / ltgLx?nfO{ v'ndv'nf tdf;f agfOlbg'eof].

11 k|Zg %M ljZjf;Lx?sf lglDt jt{dfg k|ltkmn s] s] x'g\ < unftL $M%– & === tfls xfdL k'qsf] k"/f xs k|fKt ug{ ;sf}+ ===o;sf/0f === ltdL ca pk|fGt bf; xf]Ogf}+ t/ k'q xf} eg]tf pQ/flwsf/L klg xf}. ^– &

12 k|Zg ^ ljZjf;Lx?sf lglDt eljiosf] 5gf]6 s] xf] < unftL $M( ================== sn:;L =================

13 k|Zg & xfdLnfO{ bf;Tjdf kfg]{ k|wfgtf / zlQmx?n] s] s] k|of]u u5{g\ < unftL $M# ================== =================

14 bf;Tjdf kfg]{ z}tfgsf b'O{j6f xltof/x? Dfgj–s]lGb|t bz{g Dfgj–s]lGb|t bz{g ! kq'; !M !*,!( ;+;f/sf cfwf/e"t l;4fGt ;+;f/sf cfwf/e"t l;4fGt unftL $M( sn:;L

15 ;+;f/sf cfwf/e"t l;4fGt eGg'sf] cy{ s] xf] < u|Ls zAb :6f]s]g stoicheion (n) = klxnf] l;4fGt, ;+:s[ltsf kIfx?df :6f]s]cf] stoicheo (v) xfdL ;]gfem}+ nfda4 eP/ lx8\g'

16 cflTdsL n8fOFdf ;+:s[ltsf] qmlds k|efj … qmlds JolQmut ?kdf cflTds JolQmx?sf ;lqmotfdf ljleGg If]qdf k|efj kf/]sf] x'G5.

17 cflTdsL n8fOdf ;+:s[ltsf] qmlds k|efj …o:tf zlQmx?n] k/d]Zj/b]lv ljd'v t'Nofpg] cfkm\gf lgod tyf tl/sfx? :yflkt u/]sf x'G5g\. :6f]lsofsf] zflAbs ?kdf cfwf/e"t l;4fGtx? x'g\ jf ;+:s[ltsf sv/f x'g\.

18 cflTdsL n8fOdf ;+:s[ltsf] qmlds k|efj ;+:s[ltx? ;dfhnfO{ ljlwut lgoGq0f ug{ zlQmx?n] :yflkt u/]sf lgb]{zgx? x'g\. o; kl/k|]Iodf :6f]lsof eg]sf dfgj ;dfhdflysf] z}tflgs 5n x'g\.

19 cflTdsL n8fOdf ;+:s[ltsf] qmlds k|efj zlQmx?n] cflTds zlQmsf] ?kdf ;dfhsf] cfwf/e"t ;+/rgfnfO{ vnn k'¥ofPsf 5g\. dfgj lgsfox?dfly zlQmx?n] vnn kfbf{v]l/ lqmlZrog lgsfox?df klg z}tflgs k|efj emlNsPsf kfOG5g\. Dr. Gailyn Van Rheenen Communicating Christ in Animistic Contexts, 1991

20 ;fd'bflos ljsf;sf hux? 1fg / ;To

21 ;fd'bflos ljgfzsf hux? c1fgtf c1fgtf e'm6 e'm6

22 c;n ;+:s[ltdf a9\bf em'6f] ;+:s[lt klg ;fFrf]h:tf] b]lvG5. ;To ;+:s[ltn] ljsf;sf l;4fGtx? cufN5.

23 ljrf/n] k|ltkmn Nofp5. h/fx?n] kmn kmnfp5. kmn = kl/0ffd xfuf = afgL tyf Jojxf/ 8f7 = d"No h/f = ljZjf; k|0ffnL h/f = ljZjf; k|0ffnL

24 ;fd'lxs cEof; em'6sf] d"Nof+sg em'6sf] d"No kQf nufpg'xf];\. em'6sf] d"No kQf nufpg'xf];\. d"No s;/L Pskl5 csf]{ k':tfdf s;/L ;b}{ cfp5 < pbfx/0f lbg'xf];\. d"No s;/L Pskl5 csf]{ k':tfdf s;/L ;b}{ cfp5 < pbfx/0f lbg'xf];\. d"Non] s:tf] Jojxf/ jf afgL pTkGg u5{ < d"Non] s:tf] Jojxf/ jf afgL pTkGg u5{ < afgL jf Jojxf/sf] kl/0ffd s] x'G5 < afgL jf Jojxf/sf] kl/0ffd s] x'G5 < d"Nodf x'g] n's]sf] ljZjf; s] xf] < d"Nodf x'g] n's]sf] ljZjf; s] xf] <

25 pbfx/0fLo hLjgsf] u'0f:t/ d"No–dfGotf – ;xhtf, :j–ljsf;, ;'ljwf lj?4 g}lts d"No–dfGotf d"No–dfGotf – ;xhtf, :j–ljsf;, ;'ljwf lj?4 g}lts d"No–dfGotf x:tfGtl/t – kl/jf/, ghGd]sf afnaflnsf, ljjfx, Jofkf/, rnlrq, ;ª\uLt k'gef{lift ul/Psf] x:tfGtl/t – kl/jf/, ghGd]sf afnaflnsf, ljjfx, Jofkf/, rnlrq, ;ª\uLt k'gef{lift ul/Psf] Jojxf/ – a9\bf] ue{ktg, k|]l/t ug]{ cfTdxTof, 36\bf] j}jflxs b/, a9\bf] ;DaGw ljR5]b Jojxf/ – a9\bf] ue{ktg, k|]l/t ug]{ cfTdxTof, 36\bf] j}jflxs b/, a9\bf] ;DaGw ljR5]b

26 pbfx/0fLo hLjgsf] u'0f:t/ kl/0ffd– tf]l8Psf JolQmx?, kl/jf/x?, 36\bf] hg;+Vof b/, ;"Id dtleGgtfn] elTsPsf] d08nL, lubf]{ g}lts w/ftn kl/0ffd– tf]l8Psf JolQmx?, kl/jf/x?, 36\bf] hg;+Vof b/, ;"Id dtleGgtfn] elTsPsf] d08nL, lubf]{ g}lts w/ftn h/f– hLjgsf] u'0f:t/ k|fKt ug]{ tLy{ofqfsf] cfTdf s'?k ePsf] 5, k/d]Zj/ x'g'x'Gg / g}lts w/ftnsf] dxŒj 5}g eGg] ljZjf; xfjL ePsf] 5. lglZrt g}lts ;+/rgfljgf dfgj clwsf/ x'Fb}g. h/f– hLjgsf] u'0f:t/ k|fKt ug]{ tLy{ofqfsf] cfTdf s'?k ePsf] 5, k/d]Zj/ x'g'x'Gg / g}lts w/ftnsf] dxŒj 5}g eGg] ljZjf; xfjL ePsf] 5. lglZrt g}lts ;+/rgfljgf dfgj clwsf/ x'Fb}g.

27 ;fd'lxs cEof; tkfO{+sf] cfkm\gf] ;+:s[ltaf6 Pp6f d"No–dfGotf klxrfg ug{'xf];\. tkfO{+sf] cfkm\gf] ;+:s[ltaf6 Pp6f d"No–dfGotf klxrfg ug{'xf];\.

28 d"No–dfGotf eg]sf] s] xf] < efiff efiff ;f+:s[lts syfx? ;f+:s[lts syfx? xfF:o tyf r'6\lsnf xfF:o tyf r'6\lsnf sxfjtx? sxfjtx? uLtx? uLtx? cflb–OToflb cflb–OToflb d"No–dfGotf s;/L x:tfGtl/t x'b} cfp5 <

29 afgL–a]xf]/f eg]sf s] x'g\ < To:tf s'g afgL–a]xf]/f rflxF d"No– dfGotf emNsfpg] b}lgs hLjgdf b]Vg ;lsG5 To:tf s'g afgL–a]xf]/f rflxF d"No– dfGotf emNsfpg] b}lgs hLjgdf b]Vg ;lsG5 s] ePsf] x'G5 < / s] ePsf] xF'b}g < s] ePsf] x'G5 < / s] ePsf] xF'b}g < s] elgPsf] x'G5 < s] elgPsf] xF'b}g < s] elgPsf] x'G5 < s] elgPsf] xF'b}g < afgL–a]xf]/fn] o:tf] s'/f pTkGg ub{5 <

30 kl/0fdx? s] s] x'g\ < JolQmut ?kdf JolQmut ?kdf kl/jf/df kl/jf/df d08nLdf d08nLdf ;dfhdf ;dfhdf x[bob]lvsf] JolQmut ujfxLdf x[bob]lvsf] JolQmut ujfxLdf

31 em'6sf] h/f s] xf] < tkfO{+sf] ;dfhdf ePsf] s'g} Pp6f em'6sf] ljifodf n]Vg'xf];\. o:tf] wf/0ff sxfFaf6 cfof] t < tkfO{+sf] ;dfhdf ePsf] s'g} Pp6f em'6sf] ljifodf n]Vg'xf];\. o:tf] wf/0ff sxfFaf6 cfof] t < pbfx/0f pbfx/0fwfld{s bz{go'Qm ;+:s[lt d"No–dfGotf s;/L Ps k':tfb]lv csf]{ k':tdf x:tfGtl/t x'b}cfp5 < d"No–dfGotf s;/L Ps k':tfb]lv csf]{ k':tdf x:tfGtl/t x'b}cfp5 < b]z,;dfh,d08nLdf o;sf] k|efj < b]z,;dfh,d08nLdf o;sf] k|efj < To;df n's]sf] ljZjf;< To;df n's]sf] ljZjf;<

32 em'6 sxfaf6 cfof] efiff efiff ;f+:s[lts syf ;f+:s[lts syf xf:o tyf r'6\lsnf xf:o tyf r'6\lsnf lxtf]kb]z lxtf]kb]z uLt uLt c? s]xL c? s]xL

33 xfdL s] ub}{5f}+ <

34 tkfO{+n] s] l;Sg'eof] < o; lqmofsnfkaf6 tkfO{+n] k|fKt u/]sf] cGt/b[li6 ;d"xdf 5nkmn ug{'xf];\. /, ;a}sf] ;fd' af8\g Pp6f l;sfO 5fGg'xf];\. o; lqmofsnfkaf6 tkfO{+n] k|fKt u/]sf] cGt/b[li6 ;d"xdf 5nkmn ug{'xf];\. /, ;a}sf] ;fd' af8\g Pp6f l;sfO 5fGg'xf];\.

35 lzIff o; e"m6 ;Daf]wg ug]{ Pp6f s'/f csf]{ xKtf s] ug'{x'G5 < o; e"m6 ;Daf]wg ug]{ Pp6f s'/f csf]{ xKtf s] ug'{x'G5 < d08nLn] rflx o; e"m6 ;Daf]wg ug{ s] unf{ t < d08nLn] rflx o; e"m6 ;Daf]wg ug{ s] unf{ t <

;+:s[ltsf sv/fx? em'6sf] ;~hfn ;+:s[ltsf sv/fx? em'6sf] ;~hfn k|lzIfssf] gfd ;]jfsfO

37 ;+:s[ltsf sv/fx?sf k'g/fjnf]sg ;+:s[ltsf sv/fx?sf k'g/fjnf]sg …ljrf/x?df kl/0ffd x'G5Ú eGg'sf] cy{ s] xf] < …ljrf/x?df kl/0ffd x'G5Ú eGg'sf] cy{ s] xf] < c?x?nfO{ bf;Tjdf kfg]{ z}tfgsf] /0fgLlt s] xf] < c?x?nfO{ bf;Tjdf kfg]{ z}tfgsf] /0fgLlt s] xf] < tkfO{+sf ;+:s[ltdf ePsf] e'm6 cWoog ubf{ To;af6 s] cGt/b[li6 k|fKt ug{'eof] < tkfO{+sf ;+:s[ltdf ePsf] e'm6 cWoog ubf{ To;af6 s] cGt/b[li6 k|fKt ug{'eof] <