Apuntes

Como los sustantivos, los adjetivos concuerdan (agree) con el ______________ y el ______________ del sustantivo que modifican. género número

Adjectives whose masculine singular form ends in -____, change the -____to -____ when used with a feminine singular noun. o o a

The book is red. I have a red backpack. I have a Mexican friend -masc. Mary is Spanish. El libro es rojo. Tengo una mochila roja. Tengo un amigo mejicano. María es española.

Most other adjectives ending in -___ or a _______________ have identical masculine and feminine forms. e consonant

The building [the house] is large. The exercise [the lesson] is easy. El edificio… es grande. La casa… El ejercicio… es fácil. La lección…

Adjectives ending in… -or change to: -ora change to: -án-ana -ón-ona John is lazy. / Lisa is lazy. José es holgazán. María es holgazana.

mayor older/est younger/est better worse superior menor mejor peor superior

Adjectives must be in the _________ when used with plural nouns. The plural forms of adjectives are formed the same way as the plural forms of nouns. plural

Adjectives whose singular form ends in a vowel add -___ to form the plural. Adjectives whose singular form ends in a consonant add -___ to form the plural. s es

The books are red. The guys are Spaniards. Los libros son rojos. Los chicos son españoles.

An adjective that modifies several nouns (of different genders) is used in the ___________________ form. masculine plural John and his sisters are tall. Juan y sus hermanas son altos.

If an adjective expressing nationality has a written accent on the last syllable of the masculine singular, the accent mark is ___________ in all other forms. dropped

Masculino Femenino inglesa inglés inglesesinglesas francés francesa francesesfrancesas

Descriptive adjectives generally __________ they noun they modify. follow a red book a large school un libro rojo una escuela grande

Adjectives that express number, quantity, or amount usually come __________ the noun. before some students much money algunos estudiantes mucho dinero each year three girls cada año tres chicas/niñas

A few adjectives have shortened forms when they precede a masculine singular noun: bueno good buen bad first third malomal primeroprimer tercero tercer

grande big gran some none algunosalgún ningunoningún … when used ________ a masculine singular noun. before

a good artist a great problem un artista bueno un buen artista un problema grande un gran problema

Some adjectives change their depending on their position. meaning When the adjective follows the noun, the meaning is more literal. When the adjective precedes the noun, the meaning is more figurative.

old, elderly: old, of long standing, former: noun + viejo(a) viejo(a) + noun Ejemplos: an old friend (she is 85)an old friend (we have known each other for more than 50 years) una amiga vieja una vieja amiga

big, large:great, fabulous: noun + grande gran + noun Ejemplos: a large city (it’s population is 8,213,839 ) a great/fabulous city (it has many shows, museums, restaurants… a great place to visit) una ciudad grande una gran ciudad

poor, not wealthy: poor, unfortunate noun + pobre pobre + noun Ejemplos: a poor man (he doesn’t have any money) a poor/unfortunate man (he is lost, he can find his way) un hombre pobre un pobre hombre

right: certain: noun + cierto(a) cierto(a) + noun Otros adjetivos… unique: only: noun + único(a)único(a) + noun itself:same: noun + mismo(a)mismo(a) + noun brand new:new, different: noun + nuevo(a)nuevo(a) + noun

Apuntes