Protists Diversity of Protists Protozoans Slime Molds Algae Ecological Role & Disease

B. Structure and Function C. Modes of Nutrition Diversity of Protists A. Characteristics B. Structure and Function C. Modes of Nutrition “Click”

A. Characteristics 1. Eukaryotic (have a nucleus) 2. Unicellular, multicellular, or colonial (groups) 3. Most move_

B. Structure and Function 1. Extremely diverse a. very complex cell structure b. perform all the functions of other eukaryotes 2. Grouped by type of nutrition_ “Click”

1. Protozoans (animal-like) a. are consumers C. Modes of Nutrition 1. Protozoans (animal-like) a. are consumers b. classified by how they move_ “Click”

2. Slime molds (fungus-like) a. consumers- decomposers b. live in cool damp places c. feed on bacteria & decaying plant matter d. have a unique life cycle_ “Click”

b. can be unicellular or multicellular 3. Algae (plant-like) a. are producers b. can be unicellular or multicellular c. make up plankton communities d. can be classified by color_ “Click”

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Protozoans A. Zooflagellates B. Sarcodinians C. Ciliaphorans D. Apicomplexans “Click”

1. Zooflagellates move by one or more flagella 2. Giardia A. Zooflagellates 1. Zooflagellates move by one or more flagella 2. Giardia a. contains 2 nuclei and lack mitochondria b. believed to be closely related to prokaryotes_ “Click”

3. Trypanosoma a. causes sleeping sickness_

B. Sarcodinians 1. Sarcodinians move by extensions of the cytoplasm called pseudopodia_ “Click”

a. causes amoebic dysentery_ 2. Amoeba a. causes amoebic dysentery_ “Click”

a. have porous shells made of calcium carbonate 3. Forams a. have porous shells made of calcium carbonate b. shell buildup forms limestone_ “Click”

4. Radiolarians_ “Click”

1. Move by hair-like extensions called cilia 2. Paramecium C. Ciliates 1. Move by hair-like extensions called cilia 2. Paramecium a. sweep food into body by cilia_ “Click”

Conjugation in Paramecium

Conjugation Paramecia Binary fission

3. Stentor_

4. Stylonychia_

D. Apicomplexans (Sporozoa) 1. Have no way of movement a. act as parasites_ sporozoites merozoites

2. Plasmodium a. causes malaria_

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Slime Molds A. Plasmodial Slime Molds B. Cellular Slime Molds C. Water Molds & Mildews

A. Plasmodial Slime Molds Plasmodial slime molds feed as a single mass of cytoplasm-plasmodium 2. When food and water supplies are low it reproduces by a fruiting body-sporangia 3. Meiosis produces haploid spores_ “Click”

1. Cellular slime molds feed as individual amoeba-like cells B. Cellular Slime Molds 1. Cellular slime molds feed as individual amoeba-like cells 2. When food and water supplies are low it reproduces a. forms a slug-like colony b. then fruiting body 3. Dictyostelium 3 stages: individual, colony, spore_ “Click”

1. Water molds decompose dead organisms in water a. some are parasites C. Water Molds & Mildews 1. Water molds decompose dead organisms in water a. some are parasites b. unicellular or thin branching filaments c. sexual reproduction 2. Downy mildews are spread by the wind a. Phytophthera infestans –responsible for the Irish potato famine -clones Water molds & downy mildew more closely related to algae_ “Click”

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Algae A. Dinoflagellates B. Diatoms C. Euglenoids D. Seaweeds

b. cell wall made of cellulose c. causes red tide A. Dinoflagellates 1. Dinoflagellates a. have two flagella b. cell wall made of cellulose c. causes red tide 2. Some can produce light_ “Click”

1. Diatoms contain cell walls made of glass B. Diatoms 1. Diatoms contain cell walls made of glass a. gritty, used in toothpaste and cleansers_ “Click”

a. photosynthesize and absorb food C. Euglenoids 1. Euglenoids a. photosynthesize and absorb food b. lack cell wall c. eyespot helps them find light_ “Click”

1. Seaweeds are large multicellular marine algae 2. Green algae D. Seaweeds 1. Seaweeds are large multicellular marine algae 2. Green algae a. are believed to be the closest relatives to plants b. volvox live in colonies c. spirogyra has spiral chloroplasts_ “Click”

3. Red algae a. contain pigments that allow them to capture light in deep water_

a. giant kelp can reach up to 50 meters in length_ 4. Brown algae a. giant kelp can reach up to 50 meters in length_ “Click”

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Ecological Roles & Disease A. Ecological Role B. Disease “Click”

A. Ecological Role 1. Provide habitat for marine life 2. Act as a major food source in the water_

3. Form symbiotic relationships that can help others_ “Click”

2. Trypanosoma- blood diseases 3. Dinoflagellates- red tide_ B. Disease 1. Giardia- diarrhea 2. Trypanosoma- blood diseases 3. Dinoflagellates- red tide_ “Click”

4. Amoeba- amoebic dysentery 5. Plasmodium- malaria_

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Diversity of Protists A. Origin of Eukaryotes B. Characteristics C. Structure and Function D. Modes of Nutrition

C. Structure and Function 1. Extremely diverse a. very complex cell structure b. perform all the functions of other eukaryotes

Protozoans A. Zooflagellates B. Sarcodinians C. Ciliaphorans D. Apicomplexans

B. Sarcodinians 1. Sarcodinians move by extensions of the cytoplasm (pseudopodia)

3. Forams a. have porous shells made of calcium carbonate b. shell buildup forms limestone

3. Forams a. have porous shells made of calcium carbonate b. shell buildup forms limestone

4. Radiolarians

4. Radiolarians

4. Radiolarians

A. Plasmodial Slime Molds 1. Plasmodial slime molds feed as a single mass of cytoplasm 2. When food and water supplies are low it reproduces by a fruiting body

A. Plasmodial Slime Molds 1. Plasmodial slime molds feed as a single mass of cytoplasm 2. When food and water supplies are low it reproduces by a fruiting body

B. Cellular Slime Molds 1. Cellular slime molds feed as individual amoeba-like cells 2. When food and water supplies are low it reproduces a. forms a slug-like colony b. then fruiting body

C. Water Molds & Mildews 1. Water molds decompose dead organisms in water a. some are parasites 2. Downy mildews are spread by the wind a. responsible for the Irish potato famine

C. Water Molds & Mildews 1. Water molds decompose dead organisms in water a. some are parasites 2. Downy mildews are spread by the wind a. responsible for the Irish potato famine

A. Dinoflagellates 1. Dinoflagellates a. have two flagella b. cell wall made of cellulose c. causes red tide 2. Some can produce light_

B. Diatoms 1. Diatoms contain cell walls made of glass a. gritty, used in toothpaste and cleansers

B. Diatoms 1. Diatoms contain cell walls made of glass a. gritty, used in toothpaste and cleansers

B. Diatoms 1. Diatoms contain cell walls made of glass a. gritty, used in toothpaste and cleansers

C. Euglenoids 1. Euglenoids a. photosynthesize and absorb food b. lack cell wall c. eyespot helps them find light

D. Seaweeds 1. Seaweeds are large multicellular marine algae 2. Green algae a. are believed to be the closest relatives to plants b. volvox live in colonies c. spirogyra has spiral chloroplasts

4. Brown algae a. giant kelp can reach up to 50 meters in length

Ecological Roles & Disease A. Ecological Role B. Disease

3. Form symbiotic relationships that can help others

B. Disease 1. Giardia- diarrhea 2. Trypanosoma- blood diseases 3. Dinoflagellates- red tide