Structures and Mechanisms. Pulleys A pulley wheel is a mechanism which helps move or lift objects. pulley Exercise machine.

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Presentation transcript:

Structures and Mechanisms

Pulleys A pulley wheel is a mechanism which helps move or lift objects. pulley Exercise machine

Pulleys Parts of a Pulley System Direction of Force Notice that the pulleys change the direction of the applied force.

Pulleys Types of Pulley. A ski lift operates on a fixed pulley system 1. A fixed pulley

Pulleys 2. A moveable pulley - rises and falls with the load being moved. Moveable pulley

Pulleys Block and tackle 3. A block and tackle - Consists of two or more pulleys (fixed and moveable).

Pulleys In this simple pulley system, the force is equal to the load, so the Mechanical Advantage is 1:1 or 1. The Pulley Advantage 10 Kg = 100 N The Mechanical Advantage is calculated like so: Mechanical Advantage = Load / Effort = 100 N / 100 N Mechanical Advantage = 1:1 or 1

Pulleys Each side of the rope carries half the load. Therefore, the force required by the person to keep the load in equilibrium is also half the load. This system has a Mechanical Advantage of 2:1 or 2. The Pulley Advantage The Mechanical Advantage is calculated like so: Mechanical Advantage = Load / Effort = 100 N / 50 N Mechanical Advantage = 2:1 or 2 10 Kg = 100 N

Pulleys This system has a Mechanical Advantage of 4:1 or 4. The Pulley Advantage 10 Kg = 100 N The Mechanical Advantage is calculated like so: Mechanical Advantage = Load / Effort = 100 N / 25 N Mechanical Advantage = 4:1 or 4

Pulleys This system has a Mechanical Advantage of 4:1 or 4. The Pulley Advantage The Mechanical Advantage is calculated like so: Mechanical Advantage = Load / Effort = 2000 N / 500 N Mechanical Advantage = 4:1 or Kg = 2000 N

Pulleys Using pulleys to transmit motion and force: Pulleys and BeltsToothed Belt and Pulleys ? Pulley drives:

Pulleys Pulley drive calculations: Driver 40 mm Dia. 280 rev/min Driven 70 mm Dia. ? rev/min Driven will rotate slower than the driver. Calculation: - Speed ratio = Diameter of Driver pulley Diameter of Driven pulley = Speed of Driven pulley =280 x = 160 rev/min How could you change the direction of rotation of the driven pulley ?