3442 Industrial Instruments 2 Chapter 10 Analog Controllers Princess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 Princess Sumaya Univ. Electronic Engineering Dept. 3442 Industrial Instruments 2 Chapter 10 Analog Controllers Dr. Bassam Kahhaleh Dr. Bassam Kahhaleh

3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 Princess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 10: Analog Controllers Electronic Controllers Error Detector Voltage difference.

3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 Princess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 10: Analog Controllers Electronic Controllers Error Detector Voltage difference. Floating Power Supply.

3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 Princess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 10: Analog Controllers Electronic Controllers Error Detector Voltage difference. Floating Power Supply.

3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 Princess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 10: Analog Controllers Electronic Controllers Single Mode (Proportional, Integral … etc) Two-Position (ON / OFF)

3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 Princess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 10: Analog Controllers Electronic Controllers Single Mode (Proportional, Integral …) Two-Position (ON / OFF)

3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 Princess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 10: Analog Controllers Electronic Controllers Single Mode (Proportional, Integral …) Two-Position (ON / OFF)

3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 Princess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 10: Analog Controllers Electronic Controllers Single Mode (Proportional, Integral …) Two-Position (ON / OFF) + - Vin > VSP VSP

3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 Princess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 10: Analog Controllers Electronic Controllers Single Mode (Proportional, Integral …) Two-Position (ON / OFF) VO + - VSP +VO Vin + (R1/R2)VO < VSP – [ Vin + (R1/R2)VO] Vin < VSP – (R1/R2)VO

3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 Princess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 10: Analog Controllers Electronic Controllers Single Mode Example (On / Off): Level measurement in a tank: Transducer output 0.2 V / m Turn-on pump when level > 2 m Turn-off pump when level < 1.5 m Pump turn-on voltage = 5 V VH = 0.4 V VL = 0.3 V VO = 5 V VSP = 0.4 V R1 / R2 = 0.02

3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 Princess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 10: Analog Controllers Electronic Controllers Single Mode (Proportional, Integral …) Three-Position

3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 Princess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 10: Analog Controllers Electronic Controllers Single Mode Example (3-Position): Level control in a tank: Transducer output 0.45 V / m Valve opening: 0 to 8 V level < 2 m: valve = 20% open 2 m < level < 3 m valve = 65% open 3 m < level valve = 100% open Comparator output voltage = 5 V VSP1 = 0.9 V VSP2 = 1.35 V VOut = 1.6 V VOut = 5.2 V VB = 1.6 V R3 / R1 = 0.72 R3 / R2 = 0.56

3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 Princess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 10: Analog Controllers Electronic Controllers Single Mode (Proportional, Integral …) Floating

3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 Princess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 10: Analog Controllers Electronic Controllers Single Mode Example (Floating): Trip Voltages: 2 & 4 V 3-Position Controller O/P: 0, ± 2 V Integrator: 1 MΩ, 1 μF t = 1 sec

3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 Princess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 10: Analog Controllers Electronic Controllers Single Mode Example (Floating): Assume an inverter is used at the output of the integrator: 2 V -2 V

3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 Princess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 10: Analog Controllers Electronic Controllers Single Mode (Proportional, Integral …) Proportional

3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 Princess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 10: Analog Controllers Electronic Controllers Single Mode Example (Proportional): O/P Scaling: 0 – 10 V  0 – 100 % Zero error controller O/P: 50 % Proportional Band: 20 % Error Range: 10 V VO = 5 V PB = 100 / KP KP = 100 / 20 = 5 GP = 5

3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 Princess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 10: Analog Controllers Electronic Controllers Single Mode (Proportional, Integral …) Integral 1/RC

3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 Princess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 10: Analog Controllers Electronic Controllers Single Mode Example (Integral): Measurement range: 0.4 – 2 V Output range: 0 – 6.8 V KI = 4% / (%-min) RC = 3.53 sec

3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 Princess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 10: Analog Controllers Electronic Controllers Single Mode (Proportional, Integral …) Derivative R2C << 1/R1C R1 << 1/wC

3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 Princess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 10: Analog Controllers Electronic Controllers Single Mode Example (Derivative): Valve Control Flow surge: minimum period 2.2 sec Input signal range: 0.4 – 2 V Output range: 0.0 – 5 V KD = 0.04% / (%/min) fmax = 0.45 Hz wmax = 2.826 r/s wo = 28.3 r/s R1C = 1/28.3 R2C = 7.5 sec

3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 Princess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 10: Analog Controllers Electronic Controllers Composite Modes Proportional-Integral (PI) R2/R1 1/R2C

3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 Princess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 10: Analog Controllers Electronic Controllers Composite Mode Example (PI): Input signal range: 0.4 – 2 V Output range: 0.0 – 10 V PB = 30 % KI = 0.1% / (% - sec) KP = 100 % / 30 % R2/R1 = 20.83 R2C = 1.6 sec

3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 Princess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 10: Analog Controllers Electronic Controllers Composite Modes Proportional-Derivative (PD) R2/(R1+R3) R3C R1//R3 << XC

3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 Princess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 10: Analog Controllers Electronic Controllers Composite Mode Example (PD): Input signal range: 0.4 – 2 V Output range: 0.0 – 5 V KP = 5 % / % KD = 0.08% / (%/min) Minimum period: 1.5 sec R2/(R1+R3)= 15.625 fmax = 0.67 Hz wmax = 4.187 r/s wo = 41.9 r/s (R1//R3)C = 1/41.9 R3C = 15 sec

3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 Princess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 10: Analog Controllers Electronic Controllers Composite Modes Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID)

3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 Princess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 10: Analog Controllers End of Chapter 10