Brazil: Economía Miguel Ángel López

Brazil

King Manuel I of Portugal. An expedition to India. 13 ships left on March 9, 1500, following the route of Vasco da Gama. On April 22, 1500, he sighted land (Brazil), claiming it for Portugal and naming it the "Island of the True Cross.“ Brazil (pau brasil) Cabral stayed in Brazil for 10 days and then continued on his way to India

Pedro Álvares Cabral

Pedro Álvares Cabral

Pau Brasil (Palo de Brasil)

SUGAR CANE Portuguese cultivate sugar on the east coast of Brazil. Growing number of sugar plantations demanded more workers. Amerindian population had become smaller. Labor shortage  import slaves from Africa into Brazil to work on the plantations.

Esclavitud

ECONOMY, PERIODS A case: Soybean 1. timber (Pau Brasil) in the first years of colonization 2. sugarcane in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries 3. precious metals (gold) and gems (diamonds) in the eighteenth century; 4. coffee and cattle in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. 5. land rich in natural resources  principally iron ore, bauxite, manganese, nickel, uranium, gold, gemstones, oil, and timber.

Decline of the sugar industry in the 17th century  Portuguese colonizers operating on the coast of Brazil go inland  they found gold and diamonds Photo: Sebastiao Salgado, 1986 Gold Mine of Serra Pelada, Federal State of Para.

Getulio Vargas - Juscelino Kubitschek - Luiz Inácio ”Lula” da Silva In 1889 Brazil became a Republic and introduced a new Constitution. The first 30 years were marked by the politics of “Coffee with Milk”, a reference to the states of Minas Gerais and São Paulo (respectively producers of dairy and coffee), which took turns governing Brazil. In 1930, led by Getúlio Vargas, the country embarked on a new industrial and urban development model. Basic human rights and workers’ rights were implemented  The New State From 1960, Juscelino Kubitschek made good on his campaign promise to build a brand new capital, Brasilia, and achieve “50 years of development in 5 years”

Cattle (ganadería) & Coffee

Juscelino Kubitschek BRASILIA

João Goulart Reformas de Base Strong state intervention in the economy. Tax reform: control of profits transfer by multinational companies with headquarters abroad  the profit should be reinvested in Brazil. Income tax would be proportional to personal profit. Land reform: properties larger than 600 hectares would be expropriated and redistributed to the population by the government. Urban reform: people could own only a single house. Those who had more than one urban property would have to donate them or sell their properties at low prices.

Military government

MST story (Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem- Terra, MST). The backbone of their movement is land occupation. Today, 47 percent of Brazil's land is owned by just 1 percent of the population, making the country's land distribution the second most unequal in the world. As a result, a class of four and a half million people are left on the verge of starvation, without land of their own.

Pais Tropical - Sergio Mendes & Brasil '77 (1971) Moro num país tropical abençoado por Deus e bonito por natureza. Em fevereiro, tem carnaval, e tenho um fusca e um violão. Sou flamengo e tenho uma nega chamada Tereza Sambaby, Sambaby posso não ser um band leader, pois é. Mas lá em casa todos issos tipos me respeitam, pois é. E essa é a razão da simpatia, do poder, e da alegria.

Favelas: Rocinha

Brazil : Economía Lula: difficult balancing between promoting business and making progress on social issues. Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento, or PAC (“Growth acceleration programme”) of public investment  PAC manager: Dilma Rousseff Tight fiscal policies. Export promotion is a main component in plans to generate growth and reduce vulnerability to international financial market fluctuations  Access to foreign markets through trade negotiations and increased export promotion as well as government financing for exports. Control of corruption improving but is still an ongoing concern  increased transparency and willingness to prosecute  various corruption scandals by his PT and allies.

LULA DA SILVA DILMA ROUSSEFF

Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva

 Tourism Rio de Janeiro, aerial view: Tourism Tourism

Exports, products:

BRASIL UE-Brasil