Søren Poulsen, Ørsted·DTU, Automation Technical University of Denmark NORPIE Hysteresis Controller with constant switching frequency Søren Poulsen Ph.D. Student Ørsted·DTU Technical University of Denmark Michael A. E. Andersen Professor Ørsted·DTU Technical University of Denmark
Søren Poulsen, Ørsted·DTU, Automation Technical University of Denmark NORPIE Standard hysteresis controllers Current or voltage mode
Søren Poulsen, Ørsted·DTU, Automation Technical University of Denmark NORPIE Band pass current mode Current loop with bandpass function –Only control of output filter resonance
Søren Poulsen, Ørsted·DTU, Automation Technical University of Denmark NORPIE Hysteresis controllers Benefits –Sawtooth shaped carrier Linear modulation –Modulator includes power stage Error reduction –Open loop bandwidth = f s Concerns –Switching frequency dependent on modulation index:
Søren Poulsen, Ørsted·DTU, Automation Technical University of Denmark NORPIE Constant switching frequency hysteresis modulators Variable FW gain –Hysteresis clamp –Variable gain amp
Søren Poulsen, Ørsted·DTU, Automation Technical University of Denmark NORPIE Constant switching frequency hysteresis controller Hysteresis controller with additional comparator and integrator
Søren Poulsen, Ørsted·DTU, Automation Technical University of Denmark NORPIE Carrier distortion Control output WILL have HF content –Adds to the carrier –Adding control decreases performance of inner modulator loop Shaping inner/outer loops in a way so control output inherently adds to carrier constructively
Søren Poulsen, Ørsted·DTU, Automation Technical University of Denmark NORPIE Shaping modulator and feedback
Søren Poulsen, Ørsted·DTU, Automation Technical University of Denmark NORPIE Constant switching frequency prototype Very low cost implementation fs,0 150kHz Closed loop bandwidth = 30kHz Modulator loop propagation delay: 325ns
Søren Poulsen, Ørsted·DTU, Automation Technical University of Denmark NORPIE Constant switching frequency prototype 2-layer PCB +/- 40V supply
Søren Poulsen, Ørsted·DTU, Automation Technical University of Denmark NORPIE Prototype carriers
Søren Poulsen, Ørsted·DTU, Automation Technical University of Denmark NORPIE Prototype switching frequency, M=0.8, 10Hz, 100Hz, 1kHz
Søren Poulsen, Ørsted·DTU, Automation Technical University of Denmark NORPIE Prototype switching frequency, DC
Søren Poulsen, Ørsted·DTU, Automation Technical University of Denmark NORPIE Conclusion Almost constant switching frequency for low frequency modulation Very simple modulator design Low cost implementation possible Additional feedback without distorting the carrier is possible ”Perfect” first carrier signal despite only passive modulator loop