Cells

Sample Question 1 Which of the following is an example of homeostasis found in your body? a. you eat food because it tastes good b. you shiver because you are cold c. you stay well because you take antibiotics when you’re sick d. you get sick when invaded by a pathogen e. you eat more and gain weight

Sample Question 2 What is the major difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? a. Prokaryotes used photosynthesis and eukaryotes don’t use photosynthesis b. Prokaryotes have a nucleus and eukaryotes do not have a nucleus c. Prokaryotes do not have DNA and eukaryotes do have DNA d. Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus and eukaryotes do have a nucleus e. Prokaryotes used photosynthesis while eukaryotes use respiration

Sample Question #3 How is osmosis different from diffusion? a. osmosis refers to the movement of ions across the membrane while diffusion is a special type of osmosis b. osmosis is a special type of diffusion involving only water c. osmosis requires energy and diffusion does not d. osmosis requires proteins and diffusion does not

All living things have:

Have Cells Unicellular Multicellular

Respond to stimuli

Maintain homeostasis

Metabolism Autotrophs Heterotrophs

Growth and development Growth Development

Reproduction Sexual Asexual

Change through time

Methods of Maintaining Homeostasis Ectotherms – reptiles, fish and amphibians Thermoregulation

Methods of Maintaining Homeostasis Endotherms – mammals and birds Thermoregulation

Methods of Maintaining Homeostasis Water regulation (osmoregulation)

Methods of Maintaining Homeostasis Oxygen regulation

CELLS Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Unicellular Lack true nucleus Lack membrane-bound organelles Have single loop of DNA Have ribosomes Ex: bacteria Uni or multicellular Have a true nucleus Have a wide variety of membrane-bound organelles Have DNA in chromosomes Ex: fungi, protists, plants, animals

Cell Organelles – tiny structures that carry out functions necessary for the cell to stay alive

Organization

Structure and function are related!

Plasma Membrane Fluid Mosaic Model

Passive transport- NO energy Diffusion

Passive transport- NO energy Osmosis

Passive transport- NO energy Osmosis

Passive transport- NO energy Facilitated Diffusion

Active Transport – requires energy Cell Membrane Pumps

Active Transport – requires energy Endocytosis

Active Transport – requires energy Exocytosis

Transport in Cells Uses vesicles Involves the endoplasmic reticulum and golgi apparatus