)( D.1 Assocomaplast - Centro Direzionale Milanofiori - Palazzo F/3 - 20090 Assago - Milan - Italy - tel +39 02 8228371 - fax +39 02 57512490 - e-mail:

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)( D.1 Assocomaplast - Centro Direzionale Milanofiori - Palazzo F/ Assago - Milan - Italy - tel fax BLOW MOULDING Polymers selection, equipment, testing Gianmarco Cortivo - ASSOCOMAPLAST Bangkok, July 13, 2009

)( D.2 Assocomaplast - Centro Direzionale Milanofiori - Palazzo F/ Assago - Milan - Italy - tel fax Blow Moulding Process & Barrier Containers Part 1.1 From oil to polymers

)( D.3 Assocomaplast - Centro Direzionale Milanofiori - Palazzo F/ Assago - Milan - Italy - tel fax The Oil Link Crude Oil Refinery fuel kerosene heating oil bitumen LPG naphta Cracker

)( D.4 Assocomaplast - Centro Direzionale Milanofiori - Palazzo F/ Assago - Milan - Italy - tel fax Cracking LPG Naphta Ethylene CH 2 =CH 2 Propylene CH 3 -CH=CH 2 C4C4 Benzene

)( D.5 Assocomaplast - Centro Direzionale Milanofiori - Palazzo F/ Assago - Milan - Italy - tel fax What is Cracking? “Cutting bigger molecules into smaller pieces”

)( D.6 Assocomaplast - Centro Direzionale Milanofiori - Palazzo F/ Assago - Milan - Italy - tel fax The Ethylene Route Polyethylene Ethylene CH 2 = CH 2 Ethylene oxideEthylene Glycol CH 2 O OH Ethylene Dichloride CH 2 Cl Vinyl chloride CH 2 = CH Cl + BenzeneEthyl benzene CH 2 CH 3 Styrene CH=CH 2

)( D.7 Assocomaplast - Centro Direzionale Milanofiori - Palazzo F/ Assago - Milan - Italy - tel fax – Polymerisation – homopolymers CH 2 =CH 2 ethylene + CH 2 =CH n Ethylene homopolymer CH 2 =CH 2

)( D.8 Assocomaplast - Centro Direzionale Milanofiori - Palazzo F/ Assago - Milan - Italy - tel fax – Polymerisation – copolymers Ethylene copolymer CH 2 =CH 2 ethylenecomonomer + CH 2 =CH nm