Chapter 12 Sections 3 and 4 The New South and the End of Reconstruction

Why did planters have trouble finding people to work for them? The work too closely resembled slavery

Sharecropping A family would farm some portion of a planter’s land

Sharecropping Harsh life Could be evicted after a harvest

Tenant Farming Did not own the land they farmed Paid to rent the land

How did sharecroppers and tenant farming differ? Tenant farmers had a little more freedom – Could choose what plants to grow – What hours to work

How did changes in farming affect the long term health of the South’s economy? Too make money, Southern planters had to grow cash crops (like cotton) rather than food crops

Infrastructure The public property and services a society uses – This was almost completely destroyed in the south

How did railroads contribute to the growth of cities? Railroads rebuilt and extended in the south

Why was southern industrial growth limited? Southern factories often did not make finished goods-focused on the early stages of manufacturing

What were the sources of funding for Reconstruction programs? Congress

Enforcement Act of 1870 Banned the use of terror, force, or bribery to prevent people from voting because of their race.

Why did Congress pass the Enforcement Act of 1870? KKK spreading terror throughout the South

Solid South A strong bloc of former Confederate and Democratic voters in the South

Compromise of 1877 Rutherford B. Hayes lost the popular vote in the 1876 Presidential election to Samuel Tilden

Compromise of 1877 A Congressional commission was set up to resolve the problem

Compromise of 1877 The 2 parties made a deal Hayes would win the Presidency

What 4 factors contributed to the end of Reconstruction? Corruption- poor government leadership

What were the successes and failures of Reconstruction? Successes Union is restored South’s economy grows and new wealth is created in the North 14 th and 15 th Amendments offer blacks citizenship and equal protection under the law

What were the successes and failures of Reconstruction? Failures Many white southerners remain bitter toward the federal government and the Republican Party The South is sow to industrialize After troops leave, many blacks are denied their right to vote