The Family Chapter 12
Objectives Describe the norms that influence the ways in which marriage patterns are organized around the world. Identify the basic societal needs that the institution of the family satisfies. Explain how American families begin & describe some of the disruptions they might face. Analyze some of the trends in American family life currently being examined by sociologists.
Family a group of people who are related by marriage, blood or adoption & who often live together and share economic resources
Nuclear Family consists of 1 or more parents & their children Family of Orientation: nuclear family into which one is born or adopted Family of Procreation: nuclear family consisting of an individual, his or her spouse & their children
Extended Family consists of 2 or more generations grandparents, parents, children, uncles, aunts & cousins may all live together
Kinship a network of people who are related by marriage, birth, or adoption
Marriage & Kinship Patterns
Marriage-Partner Patterns Monogamy: marriage of 2 partners only Polygamy: marriage with multiple partners
Descent Patterns Patrilineal Descent: kinship traced through father’s family Matrilineal Descent: kinship traced through mother’s family Bilateral Descent: kinship traced through both parents important in matters of property ownership & inheritance.
Residential Patterns Patrilocality: newly married couple expected to live with or near husband’s parents Matrilocality: newly married couple expected to live with or near wife’s parents Bilocality: newly married couple allowed to choose Neolocality: newly married couple free to choose their own locality
Authority Patterns Patriarchy: system in which men are dominant over women Matriarchy: system in which women are dominant over men Egalitarian: a family in which the man & woman share power
Functions of the Family regulation of sexual activity Incest: taboo reproduction socialization economic & emotional security
Homogamy marriage between individuals who have similar social characteristics
Heterogamy marriage between individuals who have different social characteristics
Trends in American Family Life delayed marriage childlessness dual-earner marriages delayed childbearing remarriage 1-parent families
CLASSWORK: CHAPTER 12 Pg 304: #2-3 Pg 317: #2-3 Pg 318: #1-10 Identifying People & Ideas Pg 318: #1-5 Understanding Main Ideas Pg 319: #1-4 Building Social Studies Skills
Exploring Cultural Diversity Please turn in your books to Pg 298. Read the following study on changing family life & answer the “Think About It” questions in your journals.