The Vascular Plant as an Organism

Metabolic Processes 1. Photosynthesis (in chloroplasts) 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O light C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 2. Cellular Respiration (in mitochondria) C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + 36 ATP

A Plant Needs… 1. Water: -Absorbed from the soil thru root hairs -Transported thru xylem -Moves via Diffusion and Transpiration Pull 2. Minerals: -Absorbed with water

A Plant Needs… 3. CO 2 -Enters leaf thru stomata -Diffuses into mesophyll cells and finally into the chloroplasts. 4. O 2 -Diffuses into mesophyll cells to mitochondria. mitochondria.

A Plant Needs… 5. To distribute Glucose -Diffuses thru phloem to all plant cells: a) Diffuse into mitochondria b) Packed into vacuoles by active transport (stored as starch) (stored as starch)

What about Non-Vascular Plants? Eg. Algae, mosses etc. Eg. Algae, mosses etc. They are small enough that water can diffuse to each cell They are small enough that water can diffuse to each cell Every cell does photosynthesis, so phloem is not needed. Every cell does photosynthesis, so phloem is not needed.

Fluid Movement in Plants

Demonstration: Before (6 pm)

How does water travel upwards? Water travels up to one meter high via diffusion Water travels up to one meter high via diffusion Beyond one meter – Transpiration Pull is responsible Beyond one meter – Transpiration Pull is responsible

Transpiration Pull Water molecules crawl up the wall of the xylem (adhesion) Water molecules crawl up the wall of the xylem (adhesion) Water molecules stick to each other (cohesion) Water molecules stick to each other (cohesion) As each molecule of water evaporates from the leaf, it pulls the column of water up the xylem. As each molecule of water evaporates from the leaf, it pulls the column of water up the xylem. See diagram! See diagram! Do #1-4, 6, 7, 8, 16, 18 on Page 554 Do #1-4, 6, 7, 8, 16, 18 on Page 554