AMERICA GETS BACK TO WORK THE NEW DEAL AMERICA GETS BACK TO WORK

TOPIC: The Second New Deal Takes Hold Learning Objectives: 1. Describe the purpose of the Second New Deal. 2. Summarize New Deal programs for farmers. 3. Identify the Second New Deal programs aimed at assisting young people and professionals. 4. Summarize labor and economic reforms carried out under the Second New Deal.

SECTION 2: THE SECOND NEW DEAL E – How did liberal and conservative critics differ in their opposition to the New Deal? Liberals-thought the New Deal did not go far enough in helping the poor and reforming the nation’s economic system Conservatives-believed the New Deal spent too much money on direct relief and was trying to control business and socialize the economy. SECTION 2: THE SECOND NEW DEAL Although the economy had improved during FDR’s first term (1932-1936), the gains were not as great as expected Unemployment remained high and production still lagged

THE SECOND HUNDRED DAYS FDR launches the “Second New Deal” also called the “Second Hundred Days” First priority was the farmers – FDR reinvigorated the AAA which provided aid for migrants, sharecroppers, and poor farmers FDR authorized more than $1 billion to help tenant farmers become landowners

B – Do you think work programs like the WPA were a valid use of federal money? Why or why not? Yes- they provided an income to people in need, while producing public works No- private business, rather than the federal govt should provide jobs.

WORKS PROGRESS ADMINISTRATION Helping urban workers was critical to the success of the Second Hundred Days The WPA set out to create as many jobs as possible as quickly as possible Between 1935-1943, the WPA spent $11 billion to give jobs to 8 million workers

WPA BUILDS AMERICA WPA workers built 850 airports, 651,000 miles of roads and streets, and 125,000 public buildings The WPA also hired artists, writers and photographers to create art The Davis Street School Extension in Atlanta under construction as part of the Works Progress Administration Program, November 2, 1936

NATIONAL YOUTH ADMINISTRATION The National Youth Administration (NYA) was created to provide education, jobs and recreation for young people Getting young people off the streets and into schools and jobs was a high priority for the NYA

Group What Problems… What laws… Farmers, migrants workers, and others living in rural areas Soil depletion; inability to buy land; squalid housing; dust storms; bank foreclosures; lack of electricity Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act; Resettlement Administration; Farm Mortgage Moratorium; Rural Electrification Administration; Public Utilities Holding Company Act Students and other young people Unemployed; poverty; hopelessness; loss of dignity; lack of spending money Works Progress Administration; National Youth Administration Teachers, writers, artists, and other professionals Unemployment; poverty; hopelessness; loss of dignity Works Progress Administration

SOCIAL SECURITY ACT One of the most important achievements of the New Deal era was the creation of the Social Security System The Social Security Act, passed in 1935, had 3 parts: Old-Age Pension Unemployment compensation Aid to families with dependent children & disabled (welfare)

FDR & Eleanor campaign by rail in 1936 FDR WINS IN 1936 . . . AGAIN FDR had wide appeal in the United States, especially in urban areas African Americans, Jews, Catholics and immigrants all supported the popular president FDR & Eleanor campaign by rail in 1936

ROOSEVELT (RED) VS. LANDON (BLUE) 1936 ELECTION

Group What Problems… What laws… All workers, including the unemployed Unemployment; poverty; hopelessness; loss of dignity Works Progress Administration; National Youth Administration; Wagner Act; National Relations Board; Fair Labor Standards Act; Social Security Act Retired workers Poverty; hopelessness; loss of dignity Social Security Act The disabled, the needy elderly, and dependent mothers and children

Chapter 15: Section 2 MAIN IDEA QUESTIONS E – How did liberal and conservative critics differ in their opposition to the New Deal? Liberals-thought the New Deal did not go far enough in helping the poor and reforming the nation’s economic system Conservatives-believed the New Deal spent too much money on direct relief and was trying to control business and socialize the economy. Chapter 15: Section 2 MAIN IDEA QUESTIONS A – Why did Roosevelt launch the Second Hundred Days? Roosevelt launched the Second Hundred Days based on the popularity of the First Hundred Days and the urging of his wife.

Chapter 15: Section 2 MAIN IDEA QUESTIONS E – How did liberal and conservative critics differ in their opposition to the New Deal? Liberals-thought the New Deal did not go far enough in helping the poor and reforming the nation’s economic system Conservatives-believed the New Deal spent too much money on direct relief and was trying to control business and socialize the economy. Chapter 15: Section 2 MAIN IDEA QUESTIONS B – Do you think work programs like the WPA were a valid use of federal money? Why or why not? Yes- they provided an income to people in need, while producing public works No- private business, rather than the federal govt should provide jobs.

Chapter 15: Section 2 MAIN IDEA QUESTIONS E – How did liberal and conservative critics differ in their opposition to the New Deal? Liberals-thought the New Deal did not go far enough in helping the poor and reforming the nation’s economic system Conservatives-believed the New Deal spent too much money on direct relief and was trying to control business and socialize the economy. Chapter 15: Section 2 MAIN IDEA QUESTIONS C – Why was the Wagner Act significant? The Wagner Act gave the federal govt power to protect and aid workers.

Chapter 15: Section 2 MAIN IDEA QUESTIONS E – How did liberal and conservative critics differ in their opposition to the New Deal? Liberals-thought the New Deal did not go far enough in helping the poor and reforming the nation’s economic system Conservatives-believed the New Deal spent too much money on direct relief and was trying to control business and socialize the economy. Chapter 15: Section 2 MAIN IDEA QUESTIONS D – Whom did Social Security help? It helped retirees and their spouses, the unemployed, families with dependent children, and the disabled.