Chapter 8 Metabolism

Slide 2 of 50 Questions  How does 2 nd law of thermodynamics explain diffusion?  What is a catabolic process?  What is an anabolic process?  Which, catabolic or anabolic, requires energy?  Which, catabolic or anabolic, produces energy?

Slide 3 of 50 Questions (Answers)  How does 2 nd law of thermodynamics explain diffusion?  Particles of high concentration are highly organized, when dispersed they are not as organized  What is a catabolic process? Breaks down molecules  What is an anabolic process? Builds up molecules  Which, catabolic or anabolic, requires energy? Anabolic  Which, catabolic or anabolic, produces energy? Catabolic

Slide 4 of 50 Questions 1. What is the definition of energy? 2. How is an enzyme different from a catalyst? 3. What do enzymes do? 4. Chemical energy is derived from what feature of molecules?

Slide 5 of 50 Questions (Answers) 1. What is the definition of energy? Capacity to do work 2. How is an enzyme different from a catalyst? – Enzymes are catalysts in biological systems 3. What do enzymes do? – Lower activation energy, speed up reactions, not consumed in the rxn 4. Chemical energy is derived from what feature of molecules? – Chemical bonds

Slide 6 of 50 Questions (Page 2) 5. What does the 2 nd law of thermodynamics say? 6. Dehydration synthesis is endergonic or exergonic? Why? 7. Hydrolysis is endergonic or exergonic? Why? 8. How does ATP release energy?

Slide 7 of 50 Questions (Page 2) Answers 5. What does the 2 nd law of thermodynamics say? – Entropy of the universe is ever increasing 6. Dehydration synthesis is endergonic or exergonic? Why? Endergonic, requires energy 7. Hydrolysis is endergonic or exergonic? Why? Exergonic, produces energy 8. How does ATP release energy? The chemical bond between the 2 nd and 3 rd phosphates

Slide 8 of 50 Questions 1. How does competitive inhibition differ from noncompetitive inhibition? 2. How does a cofactor differ from a coenzyme? 3. Name 3 things that affect enzyme activity? 4. What does an enzyme do?

Slide 9 of 50 Questions (Answers) 1. How does competitive inhibition differ from noncompetitive inhibition? Competitive inhibitor binds to the active site. Noncompetitive inhibitor bins somewhere other than the active site. 2. How does a cofactor differ from a coenzyme? Coenzyme contains carbon, cofactors do not. 3. Name 3 things that affect enzyme activity? Substrate concentration, Enzyme concentration, pH, Temperature, V max, Presence of inhibitors, Presence of Cofactors 4. What does an enzyme do? Lower activation energy, Speed up the rxn, not consumed in the reaction

Slide 10 of 50 Final Questions 1. What happens to an enzyme in a chm rxn? 2. How does allosteric inhibition differ from noncompetitive inhibition? 3. What is the allosteric site? 4. How does cooperativity differ from allosteric activation? 5. What is the most effective method of pathway regulation?

Slide 11 of 50 Final Questions (Answers) 1. What happens to an enzyme in a chm rxn? Nothing it is unaffected by the reaction. 2. How does allosteric inhibition differ from noncompetitive inhibition? Nothing, different name? 3. What is the allosteric site? Site where an allosteric regulator molecule binds. Must be different from the active site. 4. How does cooperativity differ from allosteric activation? In cooperativity, multiple active sites are made available. In allosteric activation, only one active site is made available. 5. What is the most effective method of pathway regulation? Regulating enzymes in the pathway.