PREVENTION AND CARE OF DIABETES MELLITUS BY, DR. REKHA DUTT Associate professor, Department of PSM Padmashree DR. D.Y.Patil Medical College, Nerul,Navi Mumbai

Primary Prevention A.Population Strategy Primordial Prevention Normal body weight Healthy nutritional habit Regular physical exercise Two Diabetics – discouraged to get into matrimony B. High Risk Strategy Obesity correction Avoid alcohol, diabetogenic drugs and smoking Maintain normal B.P, cholesterol & triglyceride level Avoid stress

Secondary Prevention a.Screening High risk cases b. Treatment i. Objectives Maintain normal blood glucose levels Maintain the ideal body weight Treat the symptoms Reduce serum lipids Provide adequate nutrition Avoid acute complications ii. Modes Diet Daily exercise Drugs Health education

Health education in a diabetic ensures 1.A longer life 2.Improves the quality of life 3.Prevents the complications 4.To be less costly to oneself, family & health system under which one lives WHO expert committee report 1980 states ‘Education is corner stone of diabetic therapy & vital to the integration of a diabetic in the society’

Who should be taught 1.Patient – Has to adopt a ‘Self care ’ Adherence to diet Drugs regimen Urine examination Blood glucose monitoring Self administration of insulin – Dose, Technique & Care of syringe Abstinence from alcohol Maintenance of optimum weight Care of feet Recognition of symptoms associated with glycosuria & hypoglycemia Attending periodic check ups Carry I-Card

2.People in close contacts – Family, Neighbours & Colleagues 3.Family doctor 4.Teacher in juvenile diabetic 5.Social worker

Being diabetic requires constant Re-enforcement & Re-education as it achieves better compliance METHODS OF TEACHING 1.Mass educational programme Books/ Pamphlets/ Magazines Lectures & Seminars Radio talks, Videotapes, T.V 2.Personal approach Diabetic clinic Camps OPD & indoor patients

EDUCATION OF YOUNGER PATIENT PRESENTS A MAJOR CHALLENGE AS Longevity of life Prone to complications Need for self sufficiency Needs differ according to ages

EDUCATION OF OLDER PATIENT Take illness lightly Stress on foot care Assistance neededi. Limited fund ii. Loneliness EDUCATION OF ILLITERATE PERSONS More complications Hospital as last resort Language barriers

DIABETIC WHO KNOWS THE MOST LIVES THE LONGEST

Tertiary prevention To limit the disabilities By diabetic clinics- To provide diagnostic & management skill of high order Rehabilitation i. Psychological ii.Vocational

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