1. List factors that determine how a tree is selected for the landscape. 2. List & discuss the types of trees that can be used in the landscape. 3. Describe the 3 forms in which trees are sold. 4. Describe the proper ways to install trees.

The selection of a tree is determined by a combination of several factors: - the height of the tree - how low to the ground it branches - the density of its foliage - whether it is deciduous or evergreen - seasonal color, foliage, texture, & whether it bears flowers &/or fruit

- hardiness - ease of transplanting - resistance to insects or diseases

Trees are available and usable as: - Native - Exotic - Naturalized

Native trees are those which evolved through nature within a certain locale. Examples: Eastern White Pine & Douglas Fir

Exotic trees are those that have been introduced to an area by individuals, not nature. Exotic trees often transplant more easily than natives and have fewer insect & disease problems. Approximately 60% of trees planted in the U.S. are exotics. Examples: Junipers & Yews

Naturalized trees are those which were brought into an area as an exotic, but have adapted so well that they have escaped cultivation. This means that they now occur commonly in & out of planned landscape settings.

Trees are purchased from a nursery & sold in one of three forms: - Bare Rooted - Balled & Burlapped (B & B) - Container Grown

A bare rooted tree is one that has been dug from the nursery field with the soil washed away from its root system. It may be wrapped in moss & a plastic covering, dipped in wax, or be completely free of covering.

Advantages: - lightweight & can be easily stored - least expensive way to purchase trees Disadvantages: - severe reduction of the root system caused by the processing - planting is limited to the early spring & late fall

With the balled & burlapped method, the plant is removed from the ground with a ball of earth intact around the root system. The soil ball is then wrapped with burlap & tied.

Advantages: - plants root system is disturbed to a lesser extent - can be planted later into the spring season Disadvantages: - weight of the tree is increased, making it harder to handle - trees cost more

Container-grown trees are purchased while they are actually growing in tar paper, metal or plastic containers. These trees are usually young, seldom more than 3 or 4 years old.

Advantages: - can be transplanted into the ground at almost any season - cost is less than the B & B method Disadvantages: - trees are small - cost is more than for the bare-root method

Please see the handout for installing trees & shrubs.

1. Name the 3 types of trees available for use in the landscape. 2. Name the three ways trees are sold.