Chapter 15 Lesson 1 Integumentary System

Functions of the Skin Your skin is the primary organ of your Integumentary system This system includes, Skin, Hair, nails, Sebaceous glands, Sweat glands

Functions of the Skin Skin Provides these vital functions 1. Providing a protective covering for your body - Skin acts as a barrier between your internal organs and the outside world - shields from injury, pathogens, ultraviolet rays - Helps maintain the body’s balanceof fluid and electrolytes

Functions of the Skin 2. Regulating body temperature - Helps keep body temperature constant - When body hot, tiny blood vessels enlarge permitting heat to escape (radiation) -Sweat glands become active, releasing perspiration, which cools the skin, dropping the body temperature

Functions of the Skin 3. Enabling you to sense the world around you - Skin is a major sense organ that serves as a means of communication with the outside environment - Nerve endings in your skin are responsive to touch, pain, pressure, and temperature

Structure of the Skin Skin Has 2 main layers Epidermis – The outer, thinner layer of skin Dermis – The thicker inner layer

Epidermis Made up of both living and dead cells Form a tough protective coating Epidermis contains a fatty substance called lipids that makes the skin waterproof When dead cells shed replaced by new cells Some cells produce Melanin – Pigment that gives skin, hair, eyes their color The more Melanin the greater protection from the sun and ultraviolet rays that have been connected to cancer

Dermis Made up of connective tissue that gives the skin its elasticity Nerve endings and hair follicles extend into the dermis So do the sweat glands and sebaceous glands Below the dermis is tissue called the hypodermis. It is not part of your skin, but it attaches the skin to bone and muscle

Skin Care

Skin Care Good personal hygiene land a balanced eating style promote healthy skin Daily washing, bathing, or showering slows the growth of bacteria that causes body odor Vitamin A helps promote healthy skin Milk, egg yolks, liver, green leafy and yellow vegatables and yellow fruits

Problems of the Skin

Ring worm

Ring worm Ring worm is a common fungal infection that affects various parts of the body It gets its name from the ring shaped, scaly reddened or blistery patches

Athletes foot

Athletes foot The same fungus that causes ringworm causes athletes foot Fungal infection between the toes Associated with wearing shoes and sweating Highly contagious

Boils

Boils An inflamed, pus filled area of the skin, usually an infected hair follicle Cause is Staphylococcus aureus Keeping skin clean helps prevent boils Never squeeze or burst a boil; this can spread the infection Boils can be serious and if large, should be treated by a doctor

Warts

Warts Contagious growths on the outer layer of the skin Most are painless an harmless, but the virus that causes them can spread to other parts of the body and form more warts

Moles

Moles Moles are small, usually round, slightly thickened brown to dark brown spots on the skin Usually harmless If mole suddenly appears, grows, bleeds, or changes color, shape consult a physician immediately

Psoriasis

Psoriasis Skin disease in which thickened paths of inflamed, red skin form, often covered by white, flaking scales Should be treated by a physician Cause not known but can be a lifetime skin problem if not treated

Vitiligo

Vitiligo Disorder in which patches of skin lose their color The affected areas are extremely sensitive to sunlight and should be protected Believed to be an auto immune disorder that causes an absence of the skin cells that produce melanin No cure, but about 30% of cases the color returns on it own

Impetigo

Impetigo A streptococcal infection in which bacteria enter a small break in the skin This infection is highly contagious

Blisters

Blisters Raised area filled with a watery fluid They usually result form the skin being rubbed against the inside of your shoe Burns may blister also Keep it from breaking and leave t heal on its own

Callus

Callus Area of thickened skin that forms as a result of regular or continued friction Musicians who play stringed instruments often develop calluses on their fingers Calluses can be reduced by rubbing them with a porous stone called pumice

Corn

Corn Callus on toe caused by the pressure of a tight fitting shoe Spongy corn pads can relieve the pressure that makes corns painful Wearing shoes that fit properly is the main way to prevent corns