FISHERIES & ECOSYSTEM SUSTAINABILITY: OVERFISHED & OVERWHELMED? Denzil Miller CCAMLR SECRETARIAT SUMBER: www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/fgc-cgp/.../miller_e.ppt‎Fisheries.

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Presentation transcript:

FISHERIES & ECOSYSTEM SUSTAINABILITY: OVERFISHED & OVERWHELMED? Denzil Miller CCAMLR SECRETARIAT SUMBER: and Oceans Canada

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT NEED TO OPERATIONALISE EAF “Development That Meets The Needs Of The Present Without Compromising The Ability of Future Generations to Meet Their Own Needs” World Commission on Environment and Development (Brundtland Report) 1982 UN Law of the Sea Convention (LOSC) 1982 Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) *1992 Conference on Environment & Development (UNCED)(“Rio”) *1992 UNCED Agenda Convention on Biodiversity (CBD) 1993 Compliance Agreement 1995 Fish Stock Agreement (UNFSA) *1995 FAO Code of Conduct (CCRF) *2001Reykjavik Declaration *2002 Earth Summit *FAO Technical Guidelines [4.(2)] * “Soft” Law SUMBER: and Oceans Canada

THE BALANCE OF SUSTAINABILITY EQUIVALENTS UNCERTAINY ≈ INCREASED RISK ≈ INCREASED PRECAUTION POSITIVE MANAGEMENT ACTION & EFFECTS NEGATIVE EFFECTS SUMBER: and Oceans Canada

EAF PRACTICALITIES MERGE TWO PARADIGMS Ecosystem Management (Ecosystem Well-Being) Fisheries Management (Human Well-Being) SUMBER: and Oceans Canada

EAF SCOPING Geographic Area Align with Ecological Boundaries Questions Being Asked (LME – Existing Fisheries) Stakeholders Fisheries Non-Fisheries (NGOs) Major Issues Principles & Policy SUMBER: and Oceans Canada

EAF MANGEMENT NEEDS FISHING PART OF A LARGER SYSTEM Ecosystem Interacting System of Plants & Animals Includes Humans & Abiotic Environment Fishing Various Fishing Methods Fishing (Direct) Impacts on Ecosystem IMAF/By-Catch Ecosystem (Indirect) Impacts on Fishing Climate Change SUMBER: and Oceans Canada

EAF MANAGEMENT TOOLS CONVENTIONAL FISHERIES MEASURES Effort Capacity Gear Catch GEAR TECHNOLOGY Selective Gear Friendly Gear ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT By-Catch Regulation IMAF Regulation PROTECTION Protected/Closed Areas SUMBER: and Oceans Canada

OPERATIONALISATION - THE CCAMLR EXAMPLE SUMBER: and Oceans Canada

CCAMLR ECOSYSTEM MONITORING PROGRAMME (CEMP) Operational Objectives Monitor Harvested/Other Species Changes to Improve Understanding Monitor Selected Environmental/Species Indicators Monitor Appropriate Time/Space Scales Develop Management Approaches Promote Flexibility & Pro-Action Develop Management Decision Rules © FAO Determine Performance & Reference Points CCAMLR EAF ELEMENTS DECISION RULES SUMBER: and Oceans Canada

ROLE OF RESEARCH ECOSYSTEM STRUCTURE & FUNCTION MANAGEMENT MEASURES MPAs MANAGEMENT PROCESS Participatory Process New Assessment Methods ECONOMIC/SOCIAL ASSESSMENT Integrated Modeling (OECD) MODEL SYSTEM DEVELOP / APPLY / EVALUATE SUMBER: and Oceans Canada

EAF NOT NEW !! 1. EAF NOT NEW !! 2. PRINCIPLES OPERATIONAL OBJECTIVES UNEVEN 3. REQUIRES CONSISTENT INDICATORS/REFERENCE POINTS/DECISION RULES 4. FULL STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION DESIRABLE 5. CONSIDER EXISTING & NEW MEASURES 6. REVIEW LEGISLATION (NATIONAL & INTERNATIONAL) 7. POLITICAL & SCIENTIFIC SOLUTIONS REQUIRED MESSAGE © WWF SUMBER: and Oceans Canada

Sustainable Use of Marine Resources & Areas Effective Institutions International Engagement/Alliances of Relevant & “Like-Minded” Institutions Relevant Information Exchange Between Such Institutions Co-Ordinated Actions in Relevant Fora Strong & Tested International Law (ITLOS) viz RFMOs Effective MCS & On-Water Enforcement Responsible Fishing With Institutional Co-Operation & Standardisation POLITICALLY ASTUTE EAF SUMBER: and Oceans Canada