Spring 2011

1. The smallest part of matter is: a. Cell b. Particle c. Molecule d. Atom 2. To find information about elements: a. Look at a dictionary b. Use a periodic table c. Google them d. Look under a microscope 3. Vocabulary words are: a. Any word you don’t know b. Words that may help me understand a concept better c. Important to all subject areas. d. All of the above.

1. A mixture where you can see the individual parts is called a: a. Homogenous mixture b. Solution c. Colloid d. Heterogeneous mixture 2. A mixture where you cannot see the individual parts is called a: a. Homogenous mixture b. Suspension c. Heterogeneous mixture d. Compound 3. The main difference between compounds and mixtures is: a. Compounds can be separated but mixtures cannot. b. Compounds do not require a chemical reaction to occur. c. Mixtures can be separated by physical means. d. Mixtures require a chemical reaction.

1. A solute is: a. The liquid that a solid or gas is dissolved into. b. The solid or gas that is dissolved. c. Is greater than the solvent. 2. A solvent is: a. The liquid that a solid or gas is dissolved into. b. The solid or gas that dissolved. c. Is less than the solute. 3. A solution is: a. A homogenous mixture b. A mixture with a solute and solvent c. Both A and B

1. When you balance chemical equations: a. The atoms are equal on both sides of the equation. b. There are more atoms on the reactant side of the equation. c. There are more atoms on the product side of the equation. 2. Solubility of solids: a. Increases with a decrease in temperature. b. Increases with an increase in temperature. c. Decreases with an increase in temperature. 3. The two main types of mixtures are: a. Heterogeneous and homogenous b. Solutions and suspensions c. Solute and solvent

Compound Definition: Two or more different elements chemically bonded by a chemical reaction to form a new substance. Examples: NaCl, H 2 O, CO 2 How can they be broken down or separated?: Compounds can only be broken down or separated by chemical means. (it requires a chemical reaction to break them apart).

Mixtures Definition: a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined. Examples: salad, kool aid, blood, salt water How can they be broken down or separated?: Mixtures can be broken down physically. No chemical reaction is required.

Characteristics of Mixtures A.No chemical change occurs(the substances keep their identity). B.THE SUBSTANCES CAN BE SEPARATED!!!!!

Types of Mixtures A.Heterogeneous- the different substances are visible in the mixture. a. Suspension: mixtures in which particles of A material are dispersed throughout a liquid or Gas but are large enough that they settle out. B.Homogeneous – The mixture looks the same and has the same characteristics throughout.

Colloid: a mixtures in which the particles are dispersed throughout but are not heavy enough to settle out. Examples: Milk, mayonnaise, stick deodorant, shaving cream, and jello are all colloids. Solution: A mixture that looks to be the same but is composed of 2 or more substances evenly distributed. Examples: Alloys, soda, salt water, tea.

Examples of Solutions and Colloids SolutionsColloids

Parts of a Solution Solute: is the substance that is dissolved. Ex. Salt, sugar. Solvent: is the substance in which the solute is dissolved. Ex. Water.

Solubility Continued Solubility of Solids and Temperature Change: Solubility of solids increases as temperature increases. Solubility of Gases and Temperature Change: Solubility of gases decreases as temperature increases.

Ways Mixtures Can Be Separated A.Filtration – Separating the soluble from the insoluble. Using some form of filter to separate particles that won’t dissolve from a liquid. B.Chromatography – used to separate out mixtures of dyes. Shows all the colors used to make certain dyes

D.Magnetism – use a magnet to remove the metal substances from nonmetal substances. C.Evaporation – Used when you wish to collect a solute from a solution. Evaporate a LIQUID to leave the SOLID behind.

Separating Mixtures Continued Distillation: the process that separate a mixture based on the boiling points of the components.