RELATIVE PRONOUNS AND RELATIVE CLAUSES

A veces al hablar de personas o cosas, podemos necesitar añadir más información sobre ellas, y para ello usamos un pronombre relativo para añadir una oración de relativo a la frase. That is the house. The house was built on the main road. That is the house which was built on the main road. Usaremos :  who & that para referirnos a personas  Which & that para referirnos a cosas  When & that para referirnos a un momento en el tiempo  Where para referirnos a lugares  Whose expresa posesión (“ cuyo”) (* Nunca es sujeto y no se puede omitir)

Las oraciones de relativo – relative clauses- van inmediatamente después del nombre al que se refiere = antecedente. This is the area where they´re building the new school Friday is the day when I´m usually free Omisión  Nunca se puede omitir si es el sujeto de la oración de relativo del relative pronoun The man who visited us yesterday is a professor The house that was so old was rebuilt Sujeto = sustituye a The man sujeto = sustituye a The house  Podemos omitirlo si no es el sujeto de la oración de relativo The man (who) we met at the bus stop told me the truth The house (that) we bought is very comfortable Sujeto de la or. de relativo Pron. Relat. + Verbo = NO Pron. Relat + Suj + Verbo = SI

 Jean-Paul Narriere, who is a native French speaker, writes books about Globish.  People who speak Globish find it easy to communicate. 1. Look at the clauses in bold. Which one adds essential information to the sentence? 2. A clause which adds extra, non-essential information is called a non-defining clause. Which punctuation is used to separate the non-defining clause from the main clause?

Hay dos tipos de oraciones de relativo Defining relative clauses Non-Defining relative clauses Defining relative clauses Hay un tipo de oraciones de relativo que son imprescindibles para “definir” el antecedente. Sin ellas el sentido de la oración quedaría incompleto. The computer which we bought is very expensive ( si no especificamos de qué ordenador hablamos no queda claro el sentido) Los pronombres who, which y that pueden omitirse si no hacen de sujeto. Whose no se puede omitir ni sustituir. This is the blog whose author is unknown When y where son los adverbios relativos. When puede omitirse y sustituirse por that. I´ll never forget the day (when/that) I met him. Where no puede sustituirse por that y no suele omitirse. I visited the area where all the trendy shops are. Si el relativo lleva preposición, lo mas común es omitirlo y poner la preposición detrás del verbo. The boy (who/that) I talked to was nervous Pron. Relat. + Verbo = NO Pron. Relat + Suj + Verbo = SI

Non-Defining relative clauses Nos dan información extra que no es esencial sobre su antecedente. Si quitamos la or. de relativo la frase tiene sentido The king of Spain, who lives in Madrid, is called Juan Carlos Siempre van entre comas. No se puede usar that. Se forman con who, which, when, where y whose. Nunca se omiten. Se utilizan en el lenguaje escrito y formal.

1. She knows Antonio Bear, ……………………… is an excellent translator. 2.He uses American Sign Language, ……………………… is different from British Sign Language. 3.The Bahamas, ……………………… my friends have gone on holiday, is supposed to be beautiful. 4. His father, ……………………… mother tongue is English, speaks French quite well. 5. Molly was born in 1996, ……………………… my sister was just one.  Complete the sentences with a suitable relative pronoun. who which where whose when 1. Do you know anyone ……………… speaks Welsh? 2.She uses her computer, ……………… is in her living room, to keep in touch with her family. 3. Eric met a boy ……………… father works in Hong Kong. 4. My family travelled to Japan, ……………… my grandmother is living. 5. Abigail teaches judo, ……………… is her favourite sport. 6. I miss the days ……………… we had so much free time.  Complete the sentences with a suitable relative pronoun. who / that which whose where which when

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1. She fell in love with a boy. His father works in Africa. (whose) 2. That is the shop. I bought my new shoes there. (where) 3. I’ll never forget that day. I first saw you then. (when) 4. Where can I find a shop? It sells drumsticks. (which) 5. This is the guide. He will take you on a tour of the city. (who)  Combine the sentences using the relative pronoun in brackets. Make any necessary changes She fell in love with a boy whose father works in Africa. That is the shop where I bought my new shoes. I’ll never forget the day when I first saw you. Where can I find a shop which sells drumsticks? This is the guide who will take you on a tour of the city.

1. Simon has got a new mobile phone. It takes wonderful pictures. (which) 2. That’s the hotel. I work there. (where) 3. The dog is big and frightening. It bit George. (that) 4. A thief broke into my car. I was at home sleeping then. (when) 5. Peter doesn’t speak a word of English. His mother is British. (whose) 6. The policeman is speaking at the school. He caught the thief. (who) o Join the sentences with the relative pronoun in brackets. Make any necessary changes. Simon has got a new mobile phone which takes wonderful pictures That’s the hotel where I work. The dog that bit George is big and frightening. A thief broke into my car when I was at home sleeping. Peter, whose mother is British, doesn’t speak a word of English. The policeman who caught the thief is speaking at the school.

Combine the sentences using a relative. Make any necessary changes. 1.I can´t remember the name of the hotel. We stayed there last summer. 2.Louise hardly ever gets angry. She began shouting at the boy. 3.Max and Corinne have got three children. Their names all begin with M. 4.Shakespeare lived 400 years ago. His plays have been translated into many languages. 5.Here is the article. I read it yesterday. 6.I´m looking forward to two o´clock. Then I can go home 7.The music is too loud for me. You´re playing it. 8.The man left town a few days ago. He lived upstairs I can´t remember the name of the hotel where we stayed last summer Louise, who hardly ever gets angry, began shouting at the boy Max & Corinne have got 3 children whose names all begin with M Shakespeare, whose plays have been translated into many languages, lived 400 years ago Here is the article that/which I read yesterday I´m looking forward to 2 o´clock when I can go home The music that/which you are playing is too loud for me The man who lived upstairs left town a few days ago