The Transition To ISBN-13

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, Agenda  Book Industry Study Group  ISBN-10 Transitions To ISBN-13  What is the transition?  Why is the transition happening?  ISBN-13 and the Bar Code  Global Trade Item Number - GTIN

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, BISG Book Industry Study Group The Transition To ISBN-13

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, About BISG Industry-wide trade association for policy, standards, and research, composed of: Publishers Libraries Booksellers, Retailers Wholesalers, Distributors Printers and Paper Manufacturers Consulting, Service & Tech Companies

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, BISG, BISAC, and the ISBN  BISAC is a division of BISG  BISAC has promoted ISBN and its use in the book industry supply chain for over 30 years  BISG and BISAC are partnering with other industry organizations to prepare for the ISBN-13 transition  AAP  US ISBN Agency  ABA  ACTS and NASTA

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, ISBN-10 Transitions To ISBN-13 The Transition To ISBN-13

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, ISBN (ISBN-10) Origin  International Standard Book Number  Developed over 30 years ago to provide a unique, standard identifier for books  Prior to the ISBN, publishers either did not assign numbers to books or assigned proprietary numbers  When ISBN was introduced, transactions between organizations in the book industry were largely manual

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, ISBN – How We’ve Benefited  ISBN-10 as a standard product identifier has enabled significant efficiencies all along the book industry supply chain  Publishing  Distribution  Retailing  Industry-wide Reporting  Now, ISBN-13 opens the door to efficiencies on an even broader scale, through compatibility with global standards

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, ISBN-10 Transitions To ISBN-13  As of January 1, 2007, the ISBN will be re- defined in length and construction  It will become a 13-digit identifier (ISBN-13) rather than a 10-digit identifier (ISBN-10)  Initially, ISBN-13 will be identical to today ’ s Bookland EAN  As the current supply of numbers is exhausted, some new ISBN-13s will be prefixed with ‘ 979 ’ instead of ‘ 978 ’

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, ISBN-10 Components  Part I – Language Group0  Part II – (Assigning) Publisher  Part III – Title73  Part IV – Check Digit7

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, ISBN-10 Transitions to ISBN  EAN Country Prefix978 (979)  Part I – Language Group0  Part II – (Assigning) Publisher  Part III – Title73  Part IV – Check Digit6

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, Bookland EAN is the ISBN-13  For over 20 years, the Bookland EAN has been used as a mechanism to convey the ISBN-10  Now it will become the ISBN-13 ISBN-10 Bookland EAN ISBN-13

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, ISBN-13 – Why Is It Happening?  To increase available numbers for books  There are many new publishers, especially small presses, who need ISBNs  Publishing in areas where there was little activity has increased significantly  Introducing a new prefix to increase the available numbers has been compared to introducing new area codes to provide more telephone numbers

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, ISBN-13 – Why Is It Happening?  To become part of the global numbering system for product identification  Trade booksellers offer many non-book products  General retailers sell books  ISBN-13 represents a step in standardization just as ISBN-10 did 30 years ago  ISBN-13 becomes part of the EAN.UCC global product numbering system

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, ISBN-13s Are EANs  EANs are the 13-digit product identification numbers used globally  EAN is the “International Article Number”  Originally “European Article Number”  General retailing is aligning with global practice through “2005 Sunrise”  Compliant organizations are able to handle 13- digit identifiers in addition to the UPC  In format, construction, and allocation ISBN-13s are EANs

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, Converting ISBN-10s to ISBN-13s  The conversion procedure is the same one used for 20 years to encode the ISBN-10 for the Bookland EAN You may:  Convert existing ISBN-10s to ISBN-13s with EAN prefix 978  Convert ISBN-13s with EAN prefix 978 back to ISBN-10 equivalents

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, Conversion Don’ts Do not:  Attempt to convert ISBN-13s with EAN prefix 979 to ISBN-10s!  There is no ISBN-10 equivalent for an ISBN-13 beginning with 979  Attempt to make ISBN-13s by prefixing an existing ISBN-10 with 979!  The result is either invalid or duplicates a valid ISBN-13 assigned elsewhere

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, Handling the Full ISBN-13  Can we base internal systems on ISBN-10 and just convert to ISBN-13 for the “outside world”?  Significant reason not to – eventually, new ISBN-13s will begin with ‘979’  But what if our systems work on a SKU or “title code”?  Then only cross reference tables and displays need be transitioned to the full ISBN-13

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, Phasing in the ISBN-13  A phased transition, as compared to an abrupt cutover, is always encouraged  Dual numbering wherever ISBNs are displayed for human reading is strongly advocated during the transition  Show both ISBN-10 and ISBN-13  In books and in printed documents

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, Dual Numbering – On Cover 4  An example of dual numbering  Displaying ISBN-10 until publication dates of January 2007 is recommended  Some publishers are electing to begin showing both formats now ISBN ISBN

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, ISBN-13 The Bar Code The Transition To ISBN-13

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, No Change In The Bar Code  The ISBN-10 transitions to the ISBN-13 in January 2007, but there is no change in the Bookland EAN bar code itself

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, Two Changes in Bar Coding  Display only the Bookland EAN on Cover 4 (back cover)  One – Discontinue two bar codes on Cover 4  Two - Replace the Price Point UPC on mass market paperbacks and some juvenile titles  These changes are possible as a result of the “2005 Sunrise” initiative  General retailing is making its own transition and will be able to use Bookland EAN bar code

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, Global Trade Item Number The Transition To ISBN-13 GTIN

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, What is the GTIN?  The Global Trade Item Number (GTIN) is actually a family of identifiers that includes:  UPC – Used by general retailing in the US  EAN – Used by retailing globally  ISBN-13 – Becoming the standard for books  “GTIN Format” means expressing any of these identifiers in fourteen digits by prefixing them with zeros  This number is correctly called “EAN/UCC-14”  It is widely referred to simply as “The GTIN”

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, How Is The GTIN Used?  It is the item identifier for transactions in the global supply chain, such as: Product Data (Metadata)Receiving OrderingInvoicing  GTIN is not a product identifier for marking individual items  GTINs appear today on cartons (cases) in general retailing; they are especially noticeable in grocery stores

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, How Is The GTIN Built?  At the item level, by placing the ISBN-13 (or any other EAN) in a 14-digit field and prefixing with ‘0’  Prefixes ‘1’ – ‘8’ have significance as packaging level indicators ISBN GTIN

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, Why The GTIN?  Adopting the 14-digit GTIN standard aligns the book industry with national and global supply chain practices  Enables participation in global product data synchronization (data distribution)  Permits the book supply chain to use package level choice (cartons, stacked on pallets)

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, Data Synchronization – GTIN  The GTIN is the standard identifier for Global Data Synchronization (GDS)  Data synchronization means establishing sources of standardized product data  Data with known, validated attributes (properties)  Data that may be used by all participants in a supply chain

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, Packaging Level Indication – GTIN  The leading digit of the GTIN permits specifying packaging level (unit, case, pallet)  Packaging level is a major factor in general retail supply chains (case pack handling)  Most ordering is by case pack  The case pack identification in GTIN format is evident in the bar codes on cases in grocery store aisles

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, GTIN – BISG Policies  BISG endorses only a 14-digit field length for electronic communications  Communications practices are outward facing – they affect trading partners  A single standard for electronic communication is essential to minimize confusion and duplicate provisions for electronic communications  BISG recommends a product identifier field of at least 14-digits in all databases  If a system is SKU-based, then cross reference tables and displays (screen and hard copy) should comply

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, ISBN-13 – In Summary  The ISBN will be redefined from ISBN-10 to ISBN-13 as of January 1, 2007  The ISBN-13 is the same as the number encoded in the Bookland EAN  Conversion routines and workarounds will aid the transition, but handling the full ISBN-13 will be necessary with ‘979’ prefix  There is no change in the bar code itself  It is important in your planning that you consider expressing the ISBN-13 in 14- digit GTIN format

NASTA – Biloxi – July 25, Book Industry Study Group, Inc. Thank you for the opportunity to discuss the ISBN-10 to ISBN-13 transition with you!