M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 30, J u ne 2010, Geneva Report of the MBTOC-QPS on Quarantine and Pre-shipment uses of Methyl Bromide

M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 30, J u ne 2010, Geneva MBTOC-QPS Sub-Committee Co-chair: Marta Pizano (Colombia) Members: Jonathan Banks (Aus) Ian Porter (Aus) Tom Batchelor (Bel) Jim Schaub (USA) Ken Glassey (NZ) James Turner (NZ) Takashi Misumi (Japan) Ken Vick (USA) David Okioga (Kenya) Nick Vink (S. Africa) Eduardo Willink (Arg)

M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 30, J u ne 2010, Geneva Latest (2008) consumption data Global consumption declines A5 increases Non-A5 decreases Methyl bromide QPS consumption Ozone Secretariat Data Centre May 2010

M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 30, J u ne 2010, Geneva USA MB-QPS consumption reduces significantly to a level comparable with other Parties MB-QPS consumption in Non-A5 Parties Ozone Secretariat Data Centre May 2010

M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 30, J u ne 2010, Geneva China MB-QPS consumption variable, trending upwards and significantly larger than other A5 Parties MB-QPS consumption in A5 Parties Ozone Secretariat Data Centre May 2010

M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 30, J u ne 2010, Geneva Asian region increasing significantly MB-QPS use in A5 Party regions...

M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 30, J u ne 2010, Geneva The availability, market penetration, regulatory requirements and drivers for technically and economically feasible alternatives for the largest MB-consuming categories: 1.Sawn timber and wood packaging material (ISPM-15) 2.Grains and similar foodstuffs 3.Pre-plant soils uses 4.Logs Estimates of the amount of methyl bromide that could be replaced for these uses (update of Table 9.1 in 2009 QPSTF Report) Draft methodology that TEAP would use, if requested by the Parties, to assess the impact of any future restriction on the QPS use of methyl bromide Decision XXI/6: TEAP Report (Chapter 8)

M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 30, J u ne 2010, Geneva Technical feasibility Controls pests to an appropriate level of protection Logistically acceptable Does not reduce the marketability of the commodity Economic feasibility Net returns using the alternative are acceptable No significant market disruption Other factors Authorised by relevant protection agency Registered, when necessary and operating to the required level of protection Alternatives for MB-QPS

M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 30, J u ne 2010, Geneva Examples for sawn timber and wood packaging material (ISPM-15) QPS category Principle alternative technology Market Penetration Economic feasibility WPM (ISPM-15) HeatMany Parties including A5 Acceptable WPM (ISPM-15) Non-wood pallets Some PartiesAcceptable in some countries WPM (ISPM-15) Alternative fumigants NoneNot known Sawn timber Kiln driedMost Parties including A5 Acceptable, but some countries prefer green timber e.g., low grade construction wood

M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 30, J u ne 2010, Geneva Examples of alternatives for grains and similar foodstuffs (pre-shipment) Principle alternative technology Market Penetration Economic feasibility PhosphineAcceptable in all PartiesAcceptable Controlled atmospheres Limited mainly to some non-A5 Parties Acceptable Sulfuryl fluorideLimited mainly to some non-A5 Parties Acceptable IrradiationPoorExpensive infrastructure compared to other alternatives

M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 30, J u ne 2010, Geneva Examples of alternatives for pre-plant soil treatment Principle alternative technology Market Penetration Economic feasibility Fumigants, sometimes with inspection Acceptable in many countries In the USA, the alternative must meet certification standards and be accepted by regulatory authorities Acceptable SubstratesAcceptable in some countries depending on the market Acceptable, depending on the market SteamAcceptable in some countries depending on the market Acceptability depends on source, application method and the market conditions

M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 30, J u ne 2010, Geneva Examples of alternatives for logs Principle alternative technology Market Penetration Economic feasibility Alternative fumigants Some Parties including A5Acceptable Sawn timber (lumber) Many Parties including A5Only where there is a price insensitive demand for higher value products without alternative sources of supply DebarkingSome PartiesAcceptable when a component of an alternative system HeatSome Parties including A5Only for high-grade logs

M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 30, J u ne 2010, Geneva Alternatives... an illustrative view of how they were assessed See TEAP Progress Report, Pages 96 to120 for actual examples

M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 30, J u ne 2010, Geneva Methyl bromide for QPS estimated to be replaceable globally with currently available technologies... Party2007 data WPM (ISPM- 15) Grains and similar foodstuffs SoilsLogs QuarantineQPSQuarantine A5Use (tonnes) ,371 A5MB replaceable> 60%<10%30-70%0%10-20% Non-A5Use (tonnes) , Non-A5MB replaceable60-80%<10%>80% *About 50% 10-20%

M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 30, J u ne 2010, Geneva Methyl bromide for QPS estimated to be replaceable globally with currently available technologies... Total consumption estimated of four* categories = 6,225 tonnes 2007 (tonnes) MinimumMaximum QPSQ A5 + Non A5 (tonnes) 1, , QPS Min-Max (tonnes) 1,9372,943 Percent of total consumption of four* categories 1,937 / 6,225 = 31%2,943 / 6,225 = 47% *1. Sawn timber and wood packaging material (ISPM-15); 2. Grains & similar foodstuffs; 3. Soils; 4. Logs

M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 30, J u ne 2010, Geneva Methyl bromide for QPS estimated to be replaceable globally with currently available technologies...

M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 30, J u ne 2010, Geneva Soil uses categorised by a Party as “QPS” One Party classifies pre-plant soil fumigation with MB as “QPS” The use is for propagation material shipped across a County, State or Country border and requires official certification for plant health The Party reported for some sectors almost 1,500 tonnes of MB in 2005 to certify a wide range of propagation material e.g. strawberry runners, ornamental nursery plants, forest nurseries A further review by MBTOC of official Party information suggested this could now be higher than 1,500 tonnes These pre-plant, soil uses of MB by the Party target endemic, non-quarantine pests, rather than quarantine pests

M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 30, J u ne 2010, Geneva Soil uses categorised by a Party as “QPS” (continued) Other Parties have replaced methyl bromide for propagation material with alternatives, through the CUN process Alternatives are available and registered in the Party for use in specific locations and under specific conditions. As a result, MBTOC estimated 50% of these uses were replaceable In consideration of a Minority Report on data in Table 8-5, MBTOC will update and re-analyse its estimate if further data are provided by the Party in time for the September TEAP- MBTOC Final Report on Critical Use Nominations Further details in TEAP Report Vol 2 on pages 103 – 109 and

M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 30, J u ne 2010, Geneva Draft methodology to assess the impact of a potential restriction on MB-QPS – General principles … Phytosanitary treatments facilitate trade while minimising risk of introducing unwanted pests that can cause significant economic loss and environmental damage MB-QPS is used on entry by relatively few Parties to facilitate trade with many other Parties Trade flows are important and not easily replaced once disrupted An available alternative for MB-QPS is one that is registered and operating to an appropriate level of protection Bilateral agreements between Parties are needed for some pests, and can take many years to agree The potential to replace MB-QPS depends on pest-commodity circumstances, regulations, economics, product marketability, and other important factors

M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 30, J u ne 2010, Geneva Differentiate between the amount of MB-QPS used on import and exports Initially focus analysis on Parties that consume most of the MB- QPS (12-15 A5 and 5-6 Non-A5 Parties) Obtain updated QPS use data from Parties / NOUs Consider regulations or measures that require the use of MB- QPS, and potential to change the regulation(s) Focus on MB-QPS used for Quarantine, as Pre-shipment is considered easier to replace Examine economic feasibility in terms of net returns of an alternative under the proposed conditions of use Examine methods in some countries that have been used to phase out MB-QPS (success and failure examples) Draft methodology to assess the impact of a potential restriction on MB-QPS – Specific steps …

M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 30, J u ne 2010, Geneva Past and future work on QPS… YearTEAP/MBTOCReport contained information for the Parties on... Parties further action 2009QPS Task Force Report in response to Decision XX/6 (2008) -Quantities of MB used per category -Alternatives; Recovery and recycling -Regulations that affect MB-QPS -Barriers to alternatives -Opportunities for reduction -Unusual uses of MB-QPS -Where more information is needed Decision XXI/10 (2009) 2010MBTOC-QPS Report in response to Decision XXI/10 (2009) -Technical and economical feasibility, availability and market penetration of alternatives in four major categories -R&D on alternatives -Estimate of MB replaceable globally for the 4 categories (by A5/non-A5; by Q/PS) -Methods that could be used to assess the impact of a restriction on MB-QPS Decision in 2010 ? 2011 ?-Topics to be decidedTBD

M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 30, J u ne 2010, Geneva Draft methodology to assess the impact of a potential restriction on MB-QPS – Guidance from the Parties Has TEAP’s proposed draft methodology for the assessment of a potential restriction on MB-QPS included all the elements that are considered important by the Parties? MBTOC continues to need information from MB-QPS users e.g., quantity by commodity, as urged in Decision XI/13 Other sources of information are important for TEAP e.g., UNEP regional meetings, annual reporting, other communications to OzSec MBTOC would be pleased to meet with Parties during the OEWG-30 to receive feedback and further guidance on the proposed draft methodology