Tanya Nash State Materials Office 1

 Asphalt Overview  Asphalt CQC (Specs 334 and 337)  Miscellaneous Information, Specification Changes, and Research 2

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12” Stabilized Subgrade 1” Friction Course 8” Base (Limerock or Asphalt) 4” Structural Course 4

 Blend of:  Asphalt binder (6%)  Aggregate (94%)  Method of Design  Hubbard Field (…1960’s)  Marshall (1960’s – 1998)  Superpave (1998 ….)  Produced through an asphalt plant 5

 “Binds” the aggregate together.  Provides…..  the “glue.”  lubrication for compaction.  durability (resistance to cracking).  The most expensive part of an asphalt mix. 7

Crude Oil Where does asphalt come from? 9

10 ow does crude get here? How does crude get here? Pipeline Ship

Oil Refinery 11

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 Grading system based on climate 14 PG Performance Grade Average 7-day max pavement design temp Min pavement design temp

 Florida:PG (153°F to -8°F)  Old AC-30 / 60 pen  Actually PG  Minnesota:PG (136°F to -29°F)  Arizona:PG (158°F to 14°F) 15

 PG – Standard Grade  <20% Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP)  PG  20 – 29% RAP  Recycling Agent (RA)  ≥ 30% RAP  PG  PG base asphalt + SB or SBS Polymer  ≤ 20% RAP 16

 Asphalt Rubber Binders  ARB-5 - Dense graded friction course (≤ 20% RAP).  ARB-12 - Open graded friction course (no RAP).  ARB-20 - Asphalt Rubber Membrane Interlayer (ARMI). No Rap allowed. 17

 Structural Courses (334) Superpave  SP-9.5, SP-12.5, SP-19.0  Friction Courses (337)  FC-9.5, FC-12.5, FC-5 (OGFC)  Base Courses (234)  B-12.5  Other  Asphalt Treated Permeable Base (ATPB) ▪ Used under PCC pavements 18

 Purpose: Load carrying portion of pavement  Superpave Mix Design  Three mixes based on max aggregate sizes  9.5 mm (SP-9.5)  12.5 mm (SP-12.5)  19.0 mm (SP-19.0)  Five Traffic Levels (A-E)  Based on 18,000 lb. Equivalent Single Axle Loads (ESAL’s)  Low traffic = A, High traffic = E  Concept: Put the right mix on the right road  Higher traffic level is not necessarily better 19

15,000 lb 0.48 ESAL 6,000 lb 0.01 ESAL + = 34,000 lb ,000 lb = 12,000lb ESALs ESALs

21 Traffic LevelESAL’s A< 300,000 ESAL’s B300,000 < 3 million ESAL’s C3 million < 10 million ESAL’s D10 million < 30 million ESAL’s E≥ 30 million ESAL’s ESALS come from planning Traffic Levels are found in the Contract

22 1% 40% 37% 19% 3% TL-A TL-B TL-C TL-D TL-E C D B

 Coarse mixes – More coarse aggregate than fine  Higher density requirement  Greater likelihood of being permeable  Placed thicker  Tough workability  Fine mixes – More fine aggregate than coarse  Similar to old FDOT Type S mixes  Shown on the mix design 25

Fine graded SP-12.5 mix 27

Coarse graded SP-19.0 mix 28

 Purpose: Provide a pavement surface with good tire/pavement friction.  Required on all jobs with:  Design Speed ≥35 mph, except rural 2-lane roads with 5-yr projected AADT of ≤3,000.  Use polish resistant aggregate  Oolitic limestone (Dade & Broward Counties)  Granite (Georgia & Canada)  Siliceous Wackestone (Canada)  Shell rock (Palm Beach Co.)  Use asphalt rubber binder (ARB) or PG

 Good microtexture ▪ Function of the aggregate  Superpave mixes: ▪ FC-9.5 (1” thick) ▪ FC-12.5 (1 ½” thick) ▪ Formerly called FC-6  100% oolite or 60% granite ▪ If granite, then can contain 20% RAP, otherwise no RAP.  ARB-5 or PG depending on traffic level. 30

 Required on high speed multi-lane facilities. ▪ Design Speed ≥ 50 mph  Good macrotexture. ▪ Minimize hydroplaning.  FC-5 (3/4” to 7/8” thick)  100% friction approved aggregate (No RAP).  ARB-12 or PG  Stabilizing fibers (more asphalt, less draindown).  Granite aggregate requires hydrated lime. 31

FC-5 Nassau County 32

Close-up FC-5 Macrotexture 33

 B-12.5  Superpave Mix  Traffic Level B  May substitute an SP-12.5  It’s basically the same mix! 34

Questions/ Comments? 35