Chapter 30 Mammals Section 1: Mammalian Characteristics Section 2: Diversity of Mammals

Hair and Mammary Glands Chapter 30 Mammals 30.1 Mammalian Characteristics Hair and Mammary Glands Two characteristics that distinguish members of class Mammalia from other vertebrate animals are hair and mammary glands.

Functions of Hair Insulation Camouflage Sensory devices Waterproofing Chapter 30 Mammals 30.1 Mammalian Characteristics Functions of Hair Insulation Camouflage Sensory devices Waterproofing Signaling Defense

Other Characteristics Chapter 30 Mammals 30.1 Mammalian Characteristics Other Characteristics Endothermy Source of body heat is internal. Heat is produced by a high metabolic rate. Body temperature is regulated by internal feedback mechanisms.

Chapter 30 Mammals 30.1 Mammalian Characteristics Feeding and Digestion Daily intake of food is used to generate heat to maintain a constant body temperature.

30.1 Mammalian Characteristics Chapter 30 Mammals 30.1 Mammalian Characteristics Visualizing the Digestive Systems of Mammals

Trophic Categories Insectivores Herbivores Carnivores Omnivores Chapter 30 Mammals 30.1 Mammalian Characteristics Trophic Categories Insectivores Herbivores Carnivores Omnivores

Reveal the life habits of a mammal Chapter 30 Mammals 30.1 Mammalian Characteristics Teeth Reveal the life habits of a mammal Carnivores use canines to stab and premolars to slice and shear meat. Incisors of insectivores are long and curved, functioning as pincers in seizing insect prey.

Kidneys excrete or retain the proper amount of water in body fluids. Chapter 30 Mammals 30.1 Mammalian Characteristics Excretion Kidneys excrete or retain the proper amount of water in body fluids. Enables mammals to live in extreme environments Mammals

Mammals are the only animals that have a diaphragm. Chapter 30 Mammals 30.1 Mammalian Characteristics Respiration High levels of oxygen are required to maintain a high level of metabolism. Mammals are the only animals that have a diaphragm.

30.1 Mammalian Characteristics Chapter 30 Mammals 30.1 Mammalian Characteristics Circulation Mammals require a consistent supply of nutrients and oxygen to maintain homeostasis. Keeping oxygenated and deoxygenated blood separate makes the delivery of nutrients and oxygen more efficient.

30.1 Mammalian Characteristics Chapter 30 Mammals 30.1 Mammalian Characteristics The Brain and Senses Mammals have highly developed brains. Cerebral cortex is responsible for coordinating conscious activities, memory, and the ability to learn. Cerebellum is responsible for balance and coordinating movement.

Complex Behavior Senses Chapter 30 Mammals 30.1 Mammalian Characteristics Complex Behavior Senses The importance of the senses varies from one group of mammals to the next. Glands A system of glands secretes a variety of fluids that helps to regulate a mammal’s internal environment.

In mammals, the egg is fertilized internally. Chapter 30 Mammals 30.1 Mammalian Characteristics Reproduction In mammals, the egg is fertilized internally. Development of the embryo takes place in the female uterus. Movement Mammals must find food, shelter, and escape from predators.

Mammal Classification Chapter 30 Mammals 30.2 Diversity of Mammals Mammal Classification Monotremes Marsupials Placental mammals

Reproduce by laying eggs Chapter 30 Mammals 30.2 Diversity of Mammals Monotremes Reproduce by laying eggs Duck-billed platypus Echidna Echidna

Very short period of development in the uterus Chapter 30 Mammals 30.2 Diversity of Mammals Marsupials Very short period of development in the uterus Crawl into a pouch made of skin and hair and continue development while being nourished by milk from the mother’s mammary glands Kangaroo

Chapter 30 Mammals 30.2 Diversity of Mammals Placental Mammals Give birth to young that do not need further development within a pouch Shrew Represented by 18 orders Humpback whale

Chapter 30 Mammals 30.2 Diversity of Mammals

Chapter 30 Mammals 30.2 Diversity of Mammals Evolution of Mammals

Limbs positioned beneath their bodies Chapter 30 Mammals 30.2 Diversity of Mammals Therapsids A therapsid is an extinct vertebrate with both mammalian and reptilian features. Pair of holes in the roof of the skull that allowed for the attachment of jaw muscles Limbs positioned beneath their bodies Might have been endotherms

Chapter Resource Menu Chapter Diagnostic Questions Mammals Chapter Resource Menu Chapter Diagnostic Questions Formative Test Questions Chapter Assessment Questions Standardized Test Practice biologygmh.com Glencoe Biology Transparencies Image Bank Vocabulary Animation Click on a hyperlink to view the corresponding lesson.

Name the term that refers to a mammal’s Chapter 30 Mammals Chapter Diagnostic Questions Name the term that refers to a mammal’s ability to produce heat internally. endoderm endothermy ectoderm ectothermy

What classification of mammals reproduces by laying eggs? Chapter 30 Mammals Chapter Diagnostic Questions What classification of mammals reproduces by laying eggs? marsupial placental mammal monotreme therapsid

A mammal’s period of gestation refers to what? Chapter 30 Mammals Chapter Diagnostic Questions A mammal’s period of gestation refers to what? amount of time the young stays with its herd amount of time the young stays in the uterus amount of time the young drinks its mother’s milk amount of time for the young to mature enough to reproduce

Which characteristics distinguish mammals from other vertebrates? Chapter 30 Mammals 30.1 Formative Questions Which characteristics distinguish mammals from other vertebrates? kidneys and a cloaca mammary glands and hair a high metabolic rate and limbs a four-chambered heart and endothermy

What is the tough, fibrous protein that makes Chapter 30 Mammals 30.1 Formative Questions What is the tough, fibrous protein that makes up hair, nails, claws, and hooves? urea keratin cellulose collagen

What is the source of body heat for mammals? Chapter 30 Mammals 30.1 Formative Questions What is the source of body heat for mammals? hibernation insulation metabolism respiration

Which part of the brain is more highly Chapter 30 Mammals 30.1 Formative Questions Which part of the brain is more highly developed in mammals than in other animals? cerebrum hypothalamus medulla optic lobe

What is a group of cells that secretes fluid to Chapter 30 Mammals 30.1 Formative Questions What is a group of cells that secretes fluid to be used elsewhere in the body? a bladder a duct a gland an organ

Which mammals have reptilian features, such as laying eggs? Chapter 30 Mammals 30.2 Formative Questions Which mammals have reptilian features, such as laying eggs? cetaceans marsupials monotremes sirenians

Which mammals use their two pairs of razor- Chapter 30 Mammals 30.2 Formative Questions Which mammals use their two pairs of razor- sharp incisor teeth to gnaw through wood, seed pods, or shells to get food? artiodactyls insectivores lagomorphs rodents

Which animals are cetaceans? Chapter 30 Mammals 30.2 Formative Questions Which animals are cetaceans? deer and goats moles and shrews dolphins and whales manatees and dugongs

Why did mammals undergo extraordinary Chapter 30 Mammals 30.2 Formative Questions Why did mammals undergo extraordinary adaptations to the environment after the disappearance of dinosaurs? They had new niches available to them. They were able to survive the ice age. They were no longer prey to dinosaurs. They no longer competed with dinosaurs.

True or False The graph shows that large animals such as elephants Chapter 30 Mammals Chapter Assessment Questions True or False The graph shows that large animals such as elephants have a high metabolic rate.

Select the mammal that is a member of the order Chiroptera. Chapter 30 Mammals Chapter Assessment Questions Select the mammal that is a member of the order Chiroptera. hedgehog ape anteater bat

Compare the digestive tracts of the deer and Chapter 30 Mammals Chapter Assessment Questions Compare the digestive tracts of the deer and the fox. Infer why the deer’s digestive tract is so much longer. Answer: It takes longer and is more difficult to digest plant material than meat.

Which animal eats the least amount of food Chapter 30 Mammals Standardized Test Practice Which animal eats the least amount of food as a percentage of its body mass? elephant shrew

Why is a high metabolic rate necessary for the shrew’s survival? Chapter 30 Mammals Standardized Test Practice Why is a high metabolic rate necessary for the shrew’s survival?

Its body loses heat quickly. It has a short digestive tract. Chapter 30 Mammals Standardized Test Practice Its body loses heat quickly. It has a short digestive tract. It carries out complex behavior. It produces milk for its offspring.

herbivore’s digestive tract compare to the digestive tract of this Chapter 30 Mammals Standardized Test Practice How does a herbivore’s digestive tract compare to the digestive tract of this carnivore?

An herbivore will have… Chapter 30 Mammals Standardized Test Practice An herbivore will have… a shorter digestive tract and a smaller cecum. a shorter digestive tract and a larger cecum. a longer digestive tract and a larger cecum. a longer digestive tract and a smaller cecum.

How do ruminants benefit from having bacteria in their stomachs? Chapter 30 Mammals Standardized Test Practice How do ruminants benefit from having bacteria in their stomachs? They can be omnivorous. They can digest meat. They can filter urea. They can process cellulose.

Which teeth are more highly developed in a mountain lion? Chapter 30 Mammals Standardized Test Practice Which teeth are more highly developed in a mountain lion? canines incisors molars premolars

What is believed to have caused the isolation Chapter 30 Mammals Standardized Test Practice What is believed to have caused the isolation of marsupials’ ancestors to Australia and nearby islands? adaptive radiation continental drift habitat destruction reproductive isolation

What competitive adaptive advantage do Chapter 30 Mammals Standardized Test Practice What competitive adaptive advantage do placental mammals have over marsupials? a more highly developed digestive system a pair of holes in the roof of the skull limbs positioned beneath their bodies more highly evolved social behavior

Glencoe Biology Transparencies Chapter 30 Mammals Glencoe Biology Transparencies

Chapter 30 Mammals Image Bank

Section 1 Vocabulary mammary gland placenta diaphragm gestation Chapter 30 Mammals Vocabulary Section 1 mammary gland diaphragm cerebral cortex cerebellum gland uterus placenta gestation

Section 2 Vocabulary monotreme marsupial placental mammal therapsid Chapter 30 Mammals Vocabulary Section 2 monotreme marsupial placental mammal therapsid

Visualizing the Digestive Systems of Mammals Chapter 30 Mammals Animation Visualizing the Digestive Systems of Mammals