Mapping Irrigated Areas of the the End of Last Millennium and The Beginning of this Millennium using Multi-Scale Time-Series Satellite Sensor Data Prasad Thenkabail, Chandrashekkar Biradar, Hugh Turral, and Mitch Schull IWMI Irrigated Area Map of the World Version 1.0 (upcoming) Krishna basin Ganges basin

Mapping Irrigated Areas of the World Overarching Goals 1.Map Irrigated Areas of the 1 to 10-km scale 2.Map Irrigated areas of selected River 500-m scale IWMI Irrigated Area Map of the World Version Beta (upcoming) Annual Rainfall <36 cm In Segments Ganges IWMIGanges Kassel/FAO

Key Achievements and Knowledge Generation

Mapping Irrigated Areas of the IWMI Key Achievements 1.Global irrigated area maps and characteristics Version 1.0 of IWMI (release November end, 2004) 1-10 km resolution Characteristics of irrigated area classes 2. River basin Irrigated area maps and characteristics of IWMI (available online: ) 500m -10-km resolution Ganges and Krishna basins Accuracy assessments Comparisons with USGS, GLC, National Census, and kassel 3.Advanced methods and techniques A number of advanced innovative methods and techniques (e.g., hyperspectral, quantitative spectral matching) used will be discussed in 3-4 papers in pipeline for year Online access to IWMI’s Data and Knowledge on irrigated areas Primary data used in the project is made available globally through online access Irrigated area maps and characteristics made available globally through online access

IWMI Irrigated Area Map of the World Version 1.0 (upcoming) Only irrigated area shown above; de-highlighting all other classes shown below Irrigated km Snap-shot of Irrigated 150-m Zoom into Irrigated 150-m

Very Slow: 10fps AVHRR NDVI, Monthly, AVHRR NDVI, Monthly, Dynamic Irrigated Area Maps and Characteristics Example: Krishna River Basin

How Does it Compare with Others?

Irri: Rice, sugarcane Irri: Other crops, fallow Irri: Water logged crop Irri: Rice with wetlands Irri: Rice & other crops Global Map of Irrigated Areas (.5 degree, Kassel / FAO, 2001) Global Map of Irrigated Areas, Indo-Ganges (500m, IWMI, 2004) 500-m MODIS 50-km Digitized from maps, various sources from Nations 33.1 Mha Irrigated 31.2 Mha Irrigated Total study area: 133 Mha Note: 12.3 Mha rainfed + supplemental Irri. (not in image)

Percent Irrigated: < 0.1 or null Irrigated: Other crops Irrigated: Rice/Sugarcane Irrigated Area Map (Kassel/FAO)Irrigated Area Map (IWMI) Landsat Geocover 2000 image Differences in Irrigated Area Mapping Kassel IWMI Truth

Ganges River Basin Irrigated Areas from Different RS Studies Ganges-Classification Irrigated area deviation from this study (also includes rainfed with suppl.) USGS ( ) 32,255,630 (ha) 16.6 (%) less than ours GLC (2000) 56,466,954 (ha) 33.4 (%) more than ours IWMI ( ) 37,602,567 (ha) This study (irrigated + supplemental) IWMI ( ) 26,873,934 (ha) This study (irrigated pure) USGS (1993) GLC (2000) IWMI (2004) GLC has 2 irrigated area classes class 32 and 33. Class 33 in actual is a mix of rainfed and supplemental. Change in a decade is 16.6 % additional area (taking IWMI irrigated + supplemental). Just look in Ganges area

Mapping Irrigated Areas of the World IWMI vs. Others SourceLevelScale or resolutionSpatial MapRemarks 1.0Irrigated Area Mapping IWMI ( )Global1-10 kmyesWork in progress. Multi scale satellite sensor data, temporal, DEM, rainfall, and other secondary datasets River basins500-myesMODIS data for Krishna and Ganges Kassel/FAOGlobal50-kmYesNational Statistics and Maps 2.0LULC Mapping ( deriving “rough estimates” of irrigated areas from indirect means ) FAOGlobalvariousNoFrom National census datasets GLC2000Global1-kmyesSPOT Vegetation 1-km USGS ( )Global1-kmyesAVHRR data 3.0National Efforts ( Note: has gone into Kassel/FAO effort ) Individual CountriesNationalvariousNoNational census data IWMI Irrigated Area Mapping Advances: (a) first RS/GIS based Global level (thereby consistent set of indicators for entire World), (b) the best spatial scale so far from any Global level, and (c) in methods and techniques.

Use of Irrigated area Information

Mapping Irrigated Areas of the World Use Data and Knowledge a. Area irrigated b. Spatial distribution of irrigated c. Dominant crops in each irrigated classes d. Intensity of irrigation (% irri. in a pixel) for each month e. Characteristics of irrigated classes a. Green up b. Green peak c. Amplitude d. Magnitude e. Biomass accumulation f. single, double, continuous cropping 2.Inputs to Global models 1. GPG, CP, IWMI researcher a. filling information gap b. providing consistent information c. Mapping baseline conditions 3.Capacity for other Global IWMI a. Wetlands of the World b. GW studies in the region c. Water productivity estimations in river basins

Where do we go from here?

Mapping Irrigated Areas of the World Where do We Go From Here 1.Global irrigated area map of the 1-10 km Version 2.0 Evaluations and consultations on version 1.0 Improvements to version 1.0, release of version 2.0 (e.g., major crop groups) Comprehensive characteristics of irrigated area classes (e.g., irrigation intensity) Animations and behavior of irrigated areas over time and space Accuracy assessment Comparison with National statistics and/or with other studies and/or ground truth Wide dissemination 2. Global irrigated area 30 to 150-m scale 2005 completion and release of version write up and release of version 2.0 ………………Budget for 2005 is 275k including staff time (1 full time RS expert, 2 part time RS experts, 1 senior researcher for 6 months, 1 month of principal scientist, data, software, hardware); 2006 the budget will be 200k. 3.Online access to IWMI’s Data and Knowledge on irrigated areas

Questions and Discussions